Zinc and Copper Flashcards
what is the 4th micronutrient of concern?
zinc
deficiency seen in parts of world with:
unleavened bread (phytate), hot climate (sweat loss)
unprocessed cereals have ____ inhibiting zinc absorption
phytates
UL of zinc based on?
copper inhibition
why do mature males need more Zn?
semen production
oysters have __mg/100g Zn, meat hve ___mg/100g
90; 3-4
a storage protein called _____ is made when Zn absorption in enterocyte increases
metallothionein
functions of Zn:
metalooenzymes, structural, gene expression, SOD in cyto
enzyme that gets rid of extra glutamic acids , need Zn
conjugase
zinc ___ on DNA permit hormone binding
fingers
EAR of Zn is based on _____ of zinc losses
factorial analysis
vegetarians need __% more Zn
50
why is it difficult to assess Zn status with plasma Zn lvl?
Zn redistributes (into liver when infection)
signs of Zn deficiency?
collagen defects, dermatitis, poor growth in kids (decreased cell div), night blindness
worst source of zinc?
fruits
unusual features of Zn deficiency?
measure hair zinc, taste (hypoguesis), alopecia, slowed puberty in men
interleukin-1 induces ____ synth
metallothionine
eating clay/dirt is referred to as:
geophagia
UL for Zn is ___mg
40 (food and supplements)
how is copper excretion diff from Fe and Zn?
excretion is regulated by bile vs. ceruloplasmin
form of copper needed convert Fe2–>Fe3
ceruloplasmin
low copper can cause ___ anemia
microcytic
copper containing metalloenzymes?
ceruloplasmin, SOD, lysyl oxidase
RDA for copper is ___ mcg, and the EAR is based on:
900; maintaining normal plasma Cu and RBC SOD
food sources of copper?
organ meats, shellfish, nuts, seeds, cocoa, cooking with copper pots, water in copper pipes
deficiency symptoms for copper include:
microcytic hypochromic anemia, impaired immunity, depigmentation, heart disease
what is copper UL?
10mg, causes liver damage
genetic disease of abnormal Cu accumulation that can be treated with zinc, first a liver disease and then psych symptoms (then fatal)
Wilsons disease
most characteristic sign of Wilsons disease?
Kayser-Fleischer ring (rusty brown ring around cornea of eye that can be seen thru eye exam)
