Vit K

Question 1

what is the name of the plant form of Vit K?

Answer 1

phylloquinone

Question 2

what are sources of K1?

Answer 2

green leafy veg, some seed oils

Question 3

what is the name of the bacterial form of Vit K?

Answer 3

menaquinones (K2)

Question 4

found in fermented foods

Answer 4

MK7

Question 5

made in our body

Answer 5

MK4

Question 6

synthetic form of vit K

Answer 6

menadione (K3)

Question 7

where is menadione used?

Answer 7

in the animal feed industry

Question 8

T or F: We have lots of vitamin K stored in our liver

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Vitamin K is a cofactor for _____ proteins

Answer 9

calcium binding

Question 10

Vit K adds a carboxy group to the a.a. ___ to form ___, when it is in the active form called ___

Answer 10

Glu; Gla; hydroquinone

Question 11

this enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin, inducing clot

Answer 11

thrombin

Question 12

what is the precursor to thrombin?

Answer 12

prothrombin

Question 13

prothrombin circulates in ___ and is made in the ___

Answer 13

plasma; liver

Question 14

Why is conversion of Glu–>Gla important?

Answer 14

allows prothrombin to bind Ca to become thrombin

Question 15

how is Vit K regenerated?

Answer 15

through K epoxide

Question 16

the cycle is blocked by this drug

Answer 16

warfarin (coumadin)

Question 17

Vit K is required in bone formation, to make ___

Answer 17

osteocalcin (to bind calcium) and matrix Gla protein

Question 18

what does MK4 possibly do?

Answer 18

support brain function, sphingolipid metabolism

Question 19

what causes secondary deficiency?

Answer 19

lack of bacteria (antibiotics), newborns have sterile gut, fat malabsorption, vit E excess, coumadin use

Question 20

what is the AI based on?

Answer 20

median intake of healthy groups in US

Question 21

the AI for females is ___ and for males is ___

Answer 21

90 mcg; 120 mcg

Question 22

how to assess static status?

Answer 22

plasma levels of K1

Question 23

how to assess functional status?

Answer 23

prothrombin time (time for blood to clot)-->should be 11-14 sec
-also look at undercarboxylated prothrombin lvls in plasma