Water and Electrolytes

Question 1

What are the different ways that water is lost?

Answer 1

urine (controllable), fecal (fibre affected), insensible (sweat and breath)

Question 2

AI for water is set for ___active, ___ climate, to prevent ____ and maintain _____

Answer 2

moderately; temperate; dehydration; plasma osmolarity

Question 3

what is the name of the hormone that prevents water loss in urine?

Answer 3

Vasopressin/ADH

Question 4

what is osmolality?

Answer 4

number particles dissolved in water (Na, urea, Cl)

Question 5

What is the AI for Sodium?

What is the UL?

Answer 5

1500 mg; 2300 mg

Question 6

what is the name of the hormone that promotes Na reabsorption?

Answer 6

aldosterone

Question 7

how is the Na UL derived?

Answer 7

to prevent chronic disease such as hypertension

Question 8

The DV for Na is ___mg, close to the UL

Answer 8

2400

Question 9

hypokalemia occurs at ____mmol/L of K, causing ____

Question 10

K intake in fruit and veg with ______ anions such as ____ can buffer diet aci production to decrease urinary Ca excretion

Answer 10

bicarbonate yielding; citrate

Question 11

AI for K is set at ____ mg, which is ___ mmol

Answer 11

4700; 120

Question 12

what does DASH stand for?

Answer 12

Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension

Question 13

what is the major form of K in processed foods?

Answer 13

KCl

Question 14

ratio of Na to K should be ____

Answer 14

1:2