Youth Deviancy

Question 1

What is deviance?

Answer 1

Going against the norms of a society (informal norms) eg. Manners, not doing what your told by parents

Question 2

What is delinquency?

Answer 2

Associated with deviant/criminal/anti-school behaviour of young people

Question 3

What is crime?

Answer 3

Breaking the law (formal norm)

Question 4

What is anti-social behaviour?

Answer 4

Behaviour that’s likely to cause harm/distress/harassment eg. swearing, loitering, drinking in the street

Question 5

What is a deviant subculture?

Answer 5

Group in society who rejects norms and values of the majority

Question 6

What is an anti-school subculture?

Answer 6

Pupils who reject norms and values of school and gain status by not achieving in education

Question 7

What is the Dark figure of crime?

Answer 7

Crime that is not recorded and so doesn’t show up on statistics

Question 8

What is the Chivalry Thesis?

Answer 8

Women are treated more leniently than men by the justice system

Question 9

What is institutional racism?

Answer 9

Organisation as well as its members create the unconscious effect of discrimination against ethnic minorities who come into contact with them
Egs. Police, schools

Question 10

What are the Focal Concerns?

Answer 10

Trouble - Working Class is a tough lifestyle, look for trouble
Toughness - Ability to handle yourself
Excitement - edgework, thrill
Fate - Accept their position
Autonomy - Feeling in control of their lives

Question 11

What is a spectacular subculture?

Answer 11

Flamboyant style / confrontational

Teddy Boys / Mods

Question 12

What is the crucial variable in crime?

Answer 12

Males commit more crime all over the world

Question 13

What are some blocked opportunities?

Answer 13

Poor education
Bad environment
Single Parent family
Racism 
Sexism

Question 14

What does Murray say about Single Parent Families?

Answer 14

Girls without fathers become socially damaged and repeat mothers experiences.
Some females join gangs for a substitute of male role models

Question 15

What are the 5 features of a moral panic?

Answer 15

Concern
Hostility
Consensus
Disproportionality 
Volatility

Question 16

What are Official Statistics and give strengths/weaknesses?

Answer 16

Recorded by the Home Office and are constructed by drawing on resources of police
Strengths: Easy to analyse quantitative data, cover a large group of people
Weaknesses: Doesn’t explain reasons behind crime, Dark Figure of Crime (might not be reported)

Question 17

What are Self-Report Studies and give strengths/weaknesses?

Answer 17

Employed by sociologists to ask society what offences have been committed
Strengths: can uncover unreported crimes and show what kinds of offenders are likely to be convicted
Weaknesses: Doesn’t pick up big crimes, people may lie or be unwilling to cooperate

Question 18

What are Victim Surveys and what are strengths/weaknesses of it?

Answer 18

Survey about people’s experiences of crime as a victim (CSEW - Crime Survey of England & Wales is an example)
Strengths: Uncover unreported crimes
Weaknesses: People may refuse to co-operate, Domestic violence or sexual violence might not be told by the victim