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sociology > Social Class > Flashcards

Social Class Flashcards

1
Q

What is stratification?

A

The division of a society into hierarchical ordered layers, with the most privileged at the top and the least favoured at the bottom

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2
Q

What is the Registrar Generals Scales?

A

Before 1997 it was the main form of classifying people into social class based on their occupation

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3
Q

What is the NSSEC?

A

National Statistics Socio-economic Classification, new form of classification based on occupation to reflect changes in the labour marker

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4
Q

What is objective definitions of class?

A

Uses a measurement of class by asking respondents questions based on indicators like income and occupation

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5
Q

What is subjective definitions of class?

A

Ask people to rate their own class

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6
Q

What is ascribed status?

A

Status you are born with (royal family)

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7
Q

What is achieved status?

A

Status you earn (Alan Sugar)

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8
Q

What is traditional working class?

A

Manual labour, close knit communities, mutual support in childcare and financial work/help. Immediate gratification

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9
Q

What is new working class?

A

Private lives, flexible occupations, increasing consumption, employment based on their service sector

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10
Q

What is under class?

A

Marxists say the system disadvantage he poor

Murray says they are dependant on benefits

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11
Q

What is middle class?

A

Conspicuous consumption, deferred gratification, child centred ness, conservatism, meritocracy, disposable income

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12
Q

What is Traditional upper class?

A

Extended families, monarchy/aristocracy, ‘old boy network’

Cultural, social and economic capitals

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13
Q

What is the super rich class?

A

Jet set pop aristocracy, entrepreneurial, achieved status, economic and social capital, ‘rags to riches’

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14
Q

What is jet set pop aristocracy?

A

Sometimes known as ‘new money’ people who become rich through sport, media or entertainment

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15
Q

What is entrepreneurial rich?

A

Business owners, directors of retail, publishing, banking and finance, property development

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16
Q

What is marginalised?

A

To put people in positions of importance

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17
Q

What is Immediate gratification?

A

Want to be rewarded as soon as possible

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18
Q

What is deferred gratification?

A

People who can wait to be rewarded

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19
Q

Instrumental attitudes

A

Work is a means to an end, a way of gaining money

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20
Q

Meritocratic

A

A fair society that gives people opportunities based on their ability

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21
Q

Social mobility

A

Possibility to change social groups

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22
Q

Popular culture

A

Majority of people follow this culture

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23
Q

Capitalism

A

Society based on a majority ruling class owning the mean of production

24
Q

Crisis of masculinity

A

Working class, men who feel lost after de-industrialisation and some women becoming breadwinners

25
Q

Child centeredness

A

Middle class revolve their lives around the children and their future

26
Q

Cultural capital

A

Educational advantages

27
Q

Social capital

A

Network advantages

28
Q

Economic capital

A

Financial advantages

29
Q

Yummy Mummy

A

Middle class women who like to show their perfection and money

30
Q

Conspicuous consumption

A

Buying products to look good

31
Q

Social closure

A

Upper class don’t let others in

32
Q

Old boy network

A

Upper class give each other contacts for work/opportunities etc

33
Q

High culture

A

Culture of the upper class

34
Q

Individualism

A

The pursuit of personal happiness and independence

35
Q

Theoretical approach on class

A

Sociologists have different ideas about which classes exist and why
Marxism suggests there are only two groups of social class, the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat

36
Q

Top and bottom class jobs in the Registrar Generals scale

A

Top - accountants, architects, doctors, dentists, solicitors

Bottom - road sweepers, labourers, window cleaners

37
Q

Top and bottom class on the NSSEC scale

A

Top - Company directors, corporate managers, bank managers, military officers
Bottom - Waiters, Road sweepers, cleaner

38
Q

Established middle class

A

Diverse range of cultural activities, socialise with broadway range of people, work in management or traditional professions, middle class background live outside urban areas

39
Q

Technical middle class

A

Mix socially with people similar to themselves, work in research, science and technical fields, enjoy emerging culture such as the gym and social media

40
Q

New Affluent Workers

A

Economically secure, quite high emerging, don’t participate in high culture, come from working class background, live in old manufacturing sections like the Midlands and North West

41
Q

Emergent service workers

A

Youngest, highest emerging culture (sports, gigs, social media) urban group in large cities, socialise with a broad range of people

42
Q

Traditional working class

A

Own their own home, mix socially with people like them, don’t enjoy emerging culture, oldest average age, lorry drivers and electricians

43
Q

Precariat

A

Tend to mix socially with people like themselves, come from working class background, over 80% rent their home

44
Q

Values of the traditional upper class

A 
Extended families 
Monarchy/aristocracy 
Social closure/ old boy network
Economic,social,cultural capital
Coherent/solid concentration of wealth
Privileged culture/small group
Landowners/common background
45
Q

Values of the new Super Rich

A 
Jet set pop aristocracy
Entrepreneurial rich
Achieved status
Economic capital
Social capital 
‘Rags to Riches’
46
Q 
Value of traditional middle class
Middle class are interchangeable
A 
•conspicuous consumption 
Social aspiration
Meritocracy
Instrumental attitudes 
Conservatism
Cultural/economic capital 
Consumer culture
47
Q 
Values of the new middle class
Middle class are interchangeable
A 
•Deferred gratification
•Child centerdness
Social anxiety 
Domesticity 
Social comparability
Social capital
Yummy Mummies
Contradictory class position
48
Q

What is endogamy?

A

Marrying into your social class

49
Q

Values of traditional working class

A 
•Immediate gratification 
Dangerous jobs
Belong to trade unions 
Engage in industrial action
Strong political identity (Labour)
Close-knit communities 
Mutual support in childcare, financial help and finding work
Cheaper homes, manual labour
50
Q

Values of the new working class

A 
• Employment based on the service sector (Feminised)
Private lives 
Flexible occupations 
Rise in home owners
Shared responsibilities in homes
Increasing consumption
51
Q

How do the upper class gain social capital?

A

Being invited into exclusive social events

52
Q

How do upper class see popular culture?

A

As low culture and not valuable

53
Q

What do private schools teach the upper class?

A

Private schools and Oxbridge teach a culture of privilege. The hidden curriculum teaches superiority, conservatism and acceptance of authority.

54
Q

Who are the Bourgeoise?

A

Marxism calls them the Ruling class. They own the means of production, factories, machinery and land etc

55
Q

Who are the Proletariat?

A

Marxism calls them the working class. They have to use the means of production for survival and only have their labour to sell in return for a wage. Forced to work for the ruling class in order to survive.

56
Q

Why do the ruling class need the working class?

A

So they can exploit them for surplus value (profits of capitalism)

57
Q

What is cultural deprivation?

A

Elders passing on anti-school behaviour onto male youth

sociology (20 decks)

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