Identities Sociologists Flashcards
What did McRobbie say about Gender?
Bedroom Culture
What did Willis say about Gender and Education?
Lads Anti-school subculture Masculinity Peer group Manual labour superior
What did Mac an Ghaill say about Gender and Education?
Macho Lads
Crisis of Masculinity
What did Cohen say about Class?
Status Frustration
Also used for anti-school and deviance
What did Cohen say about Age?
Folk Devils and Moral Panics
Deviancy amplification of Youth by media
What did Parsons say about Age?
Rites of passage
Transition from childhood to adulthood
Disengagement theory
What did Oakley say about Gender?
Primary socialisation
•Manipulation
•Canalisation
•Appellation
What did Sewell say about Gender?
*Could also be used for Class and Ethnicity
Hypermasculinity
Young black males
Maternal background and lack of male role models
Turn to black rap artists in media for role models
What did Bordieu say about Class?
Cultural, social and economic capital
What did Blackman say about Gender?
New Wave Girls
What did Murray say about Class?
Underclass
Dependent on benefits
Criticised single mothers
What did Jackson say about Class and Gender?
Ladettes
Changing gender identity
What did Johal say about Ethnicity?
Code-Switching
Hybridity
What did McIntosh say about Sexual Identity?
Homosexual males will live up to their label of adopting effeminate mannerisms
What did Connell say about Gender?
Types of masculinity •hegemonic •complicit •subordinate •marginalised
What did Shakespeare say about Disability?
Disabled people are socialised to see themselves as victims
What did Nayak say about Ethnicity and Class?
White Wannabees
What did Scott say about Class?
‘Old Boy Network’
Upper Class
Social closure
What did Mackintosh and Mooney day about Class?
Social Closure
Upper Class
Invisibility
What did King and Rayner say about Class?
Child-centredness
Middle class
What did Goodwin say about Class?
Yummie Mummies
Middle Class
What did Saunders say about Class?
Conspicuous Consumption
Middle Class
What did Wright say about Class?
Contradictory positions
Middle class
What did Bowles and Gintis say about Class?
Hidden Curriculum
Working class
What did Jordan say about Class?
Underclass feel shame and don’t have opportunities
What did Paluski and Waters say about Class?
Media
Shift from production to consumption
Defined by what we do
What does Offe say about Class?
Social class is dead Identities are based on lifestyle choices
What did Skeggs say about Class?
Working class women had instrumental attitudes to work
What did Kenway say about Class?
Private educated girls maintained self esteem by devaluing the status and achievements of state educated young people
What did Parsons say about Gender?
Females expressive role
Males instrumental role
Due to biological aspects
What did Lincoln say about Gender?
Bedroom culture was becoming less private due to internet and less restrictions on boyfriends
What does Billington say about Gender?
Media represent masculinity as dominant and femininity as subordinate
What did Nakuamura say about Gender?
Internet is being used by women more as a forum for support when they face discrimination and inequality
What does Ferguson say about Gender?
Female magazines are based around a ‘cult of femininity’ that promotes excellence through caring for others, family, friends and appearance
What did Adkins say about Gender?
Labour market is gendered
There are jobs for men and jobs for women
What did Mort say about Gender?
The New Man
Sexualisation of the male body
What did Nixon say about Gender?
The New Man
‘Cool’ for men to care about their appearance
What does Weeks say about Sexuality?
Identifying yourself as gay or lesbian makes a statement about your identity but being straight isn’t seen as making a statement
What does McCormack say about Sexuality?
Rise in homophobia after rise in conservative politics and AIDS crisis. 6th Forms now are equal and promote diversity
What does Rich say about Sexuality?
Women’s sexuality is oppressed by men in a patriarchal society
What does Skelton say about Gender?
The hidden curriculum promotes traditional gender roles
What does Colley say about Gender?
School subject choices are based on perception of gender roles, subject preferences and learning environment
What did Ghuman say about Ethnicity?
Asian children tend to be socialised into the extended family with emphasis on duty, loyalty, honour and religious commitment
What did Anwar say about Ethnicity?
Family can be a conflict for some Asian children particularly with cultural values and Westernised culture
What did Driver and Ballard say about Ethnicity?
Indian families place great value on children’s education and push them to have high ambitious
What did Archer and Francis say about Ethnicity?
Success of British-Chinese students as parents take a stronger role in developing their children’s academic success
What did Coard say about Ethnicity?
White history and white literature dominate the curriculum and it’s ethnocentric
What did Gillborn say about Ethnicity?
Teachers are institutionally racist towards black boys, they label them and lead to a self fulfilling prophecy
What did Alexander say about Ethnicity?
‘Myth is Asian Gangs’ which was created by the media as well as Islamophobia
Brasian/Blasian
What did Gill say about Ethnicity?
Blasian
Hybridity
What did Back say about Ethnicity?
Black, Asian and White Asian youths all shared friendships, fashion and music
Hybrid identities
Trying new cultural masks and cultural borrowing
What did Burdsey say about Ethnicity?
Code switching
Family and peers
‘One of the Lads’
Laddish culture
What does Phillips et al say about Ethnicity?
National curriculum supports nationalism in history
Teaching of historical events
What does Schuden say about Ethnicity?
British people are socialised into a common culture through: Common language Education National rituals Symbols Media Consumerism
What did Kumar say about Ethnicity?
English national identity is elusive
Quest to expand ‘Britishness’ May have diluted ‘Englishness’
What did Hall say about Ethnicity?
3 Different reactions to globalisation:
- Accept it - cultural homogenisation
- Cultural hybridity
- Cultural resistance
What did Bennett say about Ethnicity?
First/Second/Third Generation Immigrant
What did Brannen say about Age?
Pivot Generation
Dual Burden
What did Clarke and Warren say about Age?
Active Ageing
University of the Third Age
What did Voas say about Age?
Religion
Generational effect
Ageing effect
What did Johnson say about Age?
Ageism is institutionalised
What did Griffin say about Age?
Youths were
Dysfunctional
Deviant
Suffering a Deficit (hard done by)
What did Hockey and James say about Age?
Old people were infantilised
What did Sontag say about Age?
In television women are required to be youthful
What did Featherstone and Hepworth say about Age?
De-differentiation: differences between stages of the life course become less clear
Deinstitutionalisation: institutions are associated with all phases of the life course
What does Ridley say about Disability?
People feel awkward being around or talking to a disabled person
What did Barnes say about Disability?
Mass media representations of Disability are negative
