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Unit 1: Psychology IAL > Yi Huang Study Conformity Over Time Study > Flashcards

Yi Huang Study Conformity Over Time Study Flashcards

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1
Q

The article titled ‘Conformity to the Opinions of Other People’ was published in _____ and discusses the duration of conformity lasting for no more than _____ days.

A

Psychological Science, 3

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2
Q

The authors of the publication include Yi Huang from _____, Keith M Kendrick from _____, and Rongjun Yu from _____.

A

National University of Singapore, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Hong Kong Baptist University

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3
Q

The DOI for the article ‘Conformity to the Opinions of Other People’ is _____ and it was published in _____ 2014.

A

10.1177/0956797614532104, May

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4
Q

The publication has a total of _____ citations and _____ reads according to the provided data.

A

51, 8,155

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5
Q

The article was uploaded by _____ on 29 November 2015, and it discusses conformity in the context of _____ science.

A

Keith M Kendrick, psychological

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6
Q

The article published on May 21, 2014, discusses conformity to the opinions of other people lasting for ____ days and was authored by ____ and ____.

A

3, Yi Huang, Keith M. Kendrick, Rongjun Yu

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7
Q

The online version of the article can be found at the DOI: ____ and was published by ____ on behalf of the ____.

A

10.1177/0956797614532104, Sage Publications, Association for Psychological Science

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8
Q

The article titled ‘Conformity to the Opinions of Other People’ was published in the journal ____ and can be accessed at ____.

A

Psychological Science, http://pss.sagepub.com

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9
Q

To receive email alerts for the article, one must subscribe to ____ at the website ____.

A

Psychological Science, http://pss.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts

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10
Q

The article was downloaded from Harvard Libraries on ____ and is available online at ____.

A

May 22, 2014, pss.sagepub.com

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11
Q

The social-conformity effect shows that personal judgments can be altered by ____ and ____ views.

A

conflicting, other

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12
Q

In private acceptance, people view social norms as an important source of ____ and their opinions may genuinely be ____ by social influence.

A

information, changed

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13
Q

Public compliance occurs when individuals change their behavior to avoid ____ while privately holding their ____ attitudes.

A

social rejection, original

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14
Q

Conformity can lead to long-lasting changes in opinions through ____ acceptance or transient changes through ____ compliance.

A

private, public

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15
Q

Reward-based reinforcement-learning mechanisms suggest that following social norms can lead to ____ and not following them can lead to ____.

A

rewards, punishment

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16
Q

Theories suggest that private acceptance and public compliance are fundamentally ____ and may have different ____ effects.

A

distinct, lasting

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17
Q

Neural processing in conformity studies has been shown to affect ____ and ____ responses.

A

perceptual, emotional

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18
Q

A conflict with social norms can serve as an ____ signal that guides changes in social judgments.

A

error

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19
Q

In studies of social conformity, the perception of objects is altered in the ____-____ perceptual network when participants conform to a group opinion.

A

occipital, parietal

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20
Q

The act of conforming to others can have an effect similar to that of ____ stimuli, as shown by fMRI studies.

A

rewarding

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21
Q

When individuals conform to the majority opinion, engagement of the ____ accumbens and orbitofrontal cortex is modulated.

A

nucleus

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22
Q

The stability of behavioral changes in judgments can help distinguish between ____ acceptance and public compliance.

A

private

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23
Q

Long-lasting judgment changes are likely to reflect a change in ____ opinion, while transient changes suggest public compliance.

A

private

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24
Q

The duration of the conformity effect has not been clearly established, with most studies showing effects only for about ____ minutes.

A

30

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25
Q

In the present study, a face-attractiveness rating task was used to examine the influence of social information over periods of ____ months.

A

3

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26
Q

The study recruited participants from South China Normal University, with a total of ____ students involved.

A

17

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27
Q

The mean age of participants in the study was ____ years, with a standard error of 0.53.

A

22

28
Q

The research suggests that social influence can alter neural representations of the value assigned to ____ during conformity.

A

stimuli

29
Q

In a study on conformity, a significant effect of conflict with the norm was found with an F value of ____ and a p value of ____.

A

31.68, < .001

30
Q

Participants changed their ratings of attractiveness to align with peer-group ratings given ____ months before the study.

A

3

31
Q

The feedback algorithm allowed a trial to be assigned to the peers-lower condition only when the participant’s initial rating was ____ or higher.

A

4

32
Q

In the peers-higher condition, a trial could be assigned only when the initial rating was ____ or lower.

A

5

33
Q

The average number of trials for the peers-lower condition was ____ and for the peers-higher condition was ____.

A

66.41, 78.0

34
Q

The rating change scores did not differ significantly between the peers-lower and peers-higher conditions, with a t value of ____ and a p value of ____.

A

−0.062, > .1

35
Q

The conformity effect might be explained by regression to the mean, which suggests that extreme variables will tend to be closer to the ____ at second measurement.

A

average

36
Q

To control for regression to the mean, a subset of faces was selected for which the participant’s initial ratings were matched across the ____ and ____ conditions.

A

peers-lower, peers-higher

37
Q

The analysis showed that conflict with the norm significantly predicted rating change, indicating that the magnitude of conflict was the ____ variable.

A

independent

38
Q

In the study by Huang et al., participants rerated faces after ____ days in the 1-day group and ____ days in the 3-day group.

A

36894

39
Q

The average number of trials for the peers-lower condition in the 1-day group was ____ and in the 3-day group was ____.

A

74.83, 65.5

40
Q

Participants received a payment of ____ yuan for their participation, which is about ____ U.S. dollars.

A

25, 4

41
Q

The rating change for the 1-day group was significant with a t-value of ____ and a p-value of ____.

A

−2.56, .021

42
Q

In the 7-day group, the rating change was not significant with a t-value of ____ and a p-value of ____.

A

−1.22, .238

43
Q

The mean age of participants in the 1-day group was ____ years and in the 7-day group was ____ years.

A

20.72, 21.53

44
Q

The study controlled for regression to the mean by examining ratings of a subset of faces for which the participants’ initial ratings were matched in the ____ and ____ conditions.

A

peers-lower, peers-higher

45
Q

The average number of trials for the peers-higher condition in the 3-day group was ____ and in the 7-day group was ____.

A

85.5, 89.3

46
Q

The effect of conflict with the norm significantly predicted rating change after ____ days, according to regression analyses.

A

39085

47
Q

The mean age of participants in the 3-day group was ____ years and the standard error was ____ years.

A

20.81, 0.42

48
Q

The long-term effect of conformity suggests that opinions can change due to ____ and may revert back to the ____ norm.

A

social influence, original

49
Q

In a study by Izuma and Adolphs, participants rated T-shirts and were influenced by others’ ____ for the same T-shirts, leading to a change in their ____.

A

preferences, attitudes

50
Q

The classic choice-induced preference effect indicates that after making a choice, people tend to value the chosen alternative more and the ____ alternative less, as shown by ____ and ____ in 1959.

A

rejected, Festinger, Carlsmith

51
Q

Participants in the study rated their preferences for T-shirts multiple times, which may have led to a tendency to maintain ____ decisions over time, even after ____ months.

A

consistent, 4

52
Q

The long-lasting effect of social influence may be partially driven by ____ preference change, which can last for about ____ years.

A

choice-induced, 2

53
Q

Controlling for regression to the mean in social-conformity studies is important because it can affect the ____ of the results, as shown in the analysis by ____ et al. in 2009.

A

validity, Klucharev

54
Q

The findings of Izuma and Adolphs suggest that social-conformity effects can persist for up to ____ months, but this may change when controlling for ____ to the mean.

A

3, regression

55
Q

The alteration in opinions observed in conformity studies lasted for only a few days, indicating that judgments of facial attractiveness were likely reset to the ____ norm.

A

original

56
Q

In the study by Huang et al., who contributed equally to the work, Y. Huang and _____ contributed equally to this work.

A

K. M. Kendrick

57
Q

R. Yu developed the study concept while Y. Huang performed the _____ and collected the _____.

A

testing, data

58
Q

Y. Huang analyzed and interpreted the data under the supervision of R. Yu and _____ .

A

K. M. Kendrick

59
Q

The authors declared that they had no conflicts of interest with respect to their authorship or the _____ of this article.

A

publication

60
Q

This study was supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China and by the Scientific Research Foundation of _____ School of South China Normal University.

A

Graduate

61
Q

The reference by Cialdini and Goldstein discusses social influence, specifically focusing on _____ and _____.

A

compliance, conformity

62
Q

Festinger’s theory of social comparison processes was published in the journal _____ in 1954.

A

Human Relations

63
Q

The study by Deutsch and Gerard examined normative and informational social influences upon individual _____.

A

judgment

64
Q

Berns et al. (2005) explored neurobiological correlates of social conformity during _____ rotation.

A

mental

65
Q

The funding for the study included a grant to R. Yu and a grant to Y. Huang from the _____ .

A

National Natural Scientific Foundation of China

Unit 1: Psychology IAL (18 decks)

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