Factors Effecting Conformity

Question 1

In Solomon Asch’s line-judging research, what percentage of participants never conformed on any trials? ____%, and the study focused on ____ pressure to conform.

Answer 1

24, situational

Question 2

People with lower self-esteem are more likely to conform because they have a greater need to ____, while those with higher self-esteem tend to ____ more.

Answer 2

belong, resist conformity

Question 3

Individuals in their ____ and ____ are more easily influenced by conformity compared to those in their 40s and 50s.

Answer 3

20s, 30s

Question 4

Research suggests that people who identify highly with a group are more likely to conform to group norms, while those who don’t care much about the group are more likely to ____ and ____.

Answer 4

resist, be independent

Question 5

The impact of person variables on conformity is generally found to be ____ than the influence of situational variables, such as the number and ____ of the majority.

Answer 5

smaller, unanimity

Question 6

People prefer an optimal balance between being similar to and different from others, which can lead to expressing individuality when feeling too ____ and seeking acceptance when feeling too ____.

Answer 6

similar, different

Question 7

Research has shown that a strong need for ____ from others can lead to increased conformity, while a need for ____ can lead to resistance.

Answer 7

approval, uniqueness

Question 8

Meta-analyses of conformity and leadership have been conducted to draw conclusions about differences in conformity between ____ and ____.

Answer 8

men, women

Question 9

In studies of conformity, the differences between men and women are influenced by the ____ and ____ of the situation.

Answer 9

social situation, gender differences

Question 10

Men are generally more concerned with ____ and ____ status, while women focus on connecting with others.

Answer 10

high, appearing

Question 11

When being observed, men are likely to act independently and ____ to conform, while women are more likely to ____ to prevent social disagreement.

Answer 11

refuse, conform

Question 12

The observed gender differences in conformity can be explained by socialization and ____ factors, with men resisting conformity to show they are ____ mates.

Answer 12

evolutionary, good

Question 13

Both men and women are less likely to conform on topics they are ____ about, compared to those they feel ____ about.

Answer 13

knowledgeable, less knowledgeable

Question 14

In discussions about sports, women tend to ____ to men, while in fashion discussions, men are more likely to ____ to women.

Answer 14

conform, conform

Question 15

The influence of romantic attraction on conformity was found to affect only ____ and not ____ in a study by Griskevicius et al.

Answer 15

men, women

Question 16

The small differences in conformity between genders are partly due to ____ influence, especially in topics like ____ and ____.

Answer 16

informational, sports, fashion

Question 17

In many societies, men are perceived as effective leaders due to their higher ____, while women hold only about ____ of key political positions.

Answer 17

status, 20%

Question 18

Women are not promoted to leadership positions as quickly as men, even when their actual ____ is considered, leading to a disparity in ____ roles.

Answer 18

performance, leadership

Question 19

In small groups, men are more likely to emerge as leaders, with dominant men leading ____% of the time compared to ____% for dominant women.

Answer 19

90, 35

Question 20

A meta-analysis found no significant gender differences in leadership effectiveness, suggesting that women can excel over men in certain ____ and that differences may diminish over ____.

Answer 20

domains, time

Question 21

Traditional leadership behaviors, such as showing independence, often conflict with the expected ____ roles for women, creating challenges in their ____ efforts.

Answer 21

social, leadership

Question 22

Despite perceptions, being seen as an effective leader does not mean men are actually better leaders than ____, as studies show no overall gender differences in ____ effectiveness.

Answer 22

women, leadership

Question 23

In many organizations, there are more men than women in high-level administrative positions, highlighting a gap in ____ opportunities between genders and the impact of ____ perceptions.

Answer 23

leadership, societal

Question 24

In corporate life, success is often defined in ____ terms, including assertiveness and ____ behavior.

Answer 24

masculine, macho

Question 25

Women face a ‘double-bind’ where they must adopt ____ characteristics to succeed, but may be ____ if they do.

Answer 25

masculine, disliked

Question 26

A study showed that female CEOs were perceived as less capable and having a poorer ____ position than their male counterparts, leading to ____ investments.

Answer 26

strategic, less attractive

Question 27

Women are more likely to adopt a ____ leadership style, using interpersonally oriented behaviors like agreeing with others and ____ participation.

Answer 27

transformational, encouraging

Question 28

The research indicates that there is no evidence that men make better leaders than women, but men perform better on tasks that are considered ____ in nature.

Answer 28

masculine

Question 29

To navigate the challenges in corporate leadership, women may use more ____ behaviors, such as acting friendly and encouraging ____ in decision-making.

Answer 29

feminine, participation

Question 30

Women hold fewer than ____ of Fortune 500 chief executive positions, highlighting the gender bias in corporate leadership.

Answer 30

0.05

Question 31

In tasks that involve creating harmonious relationships, women tend to perform ____ compared to men who may excel in ____ tasks.

Answer 31

better, competitive

Question 32

Collectivistic cultures are generally associated with ____ levels of conformity compared to ____ cultures.

Answer 32

higher, individualistic

Question 33

According to Bond and Smith’s analysis, conformity was found to be greater in countries that are more ____ than those that are ____ oriented.

Answer 33

collectivistic, individualistic

Question 34

U.S. magazine advertisements emphasize ____ while Korean advertisements focus more on ____ themes.

Answer 34

uniqueness, conformity

Question 35

The interaction between the situation and the person in social psychology is exemplified by the effects of ____ and ____ differences on conformity.

Answer 35

gender, cultural

Question 36

Kim and Markus (1999) found that Korean ads promote ____ while U.S. ads encourage ____ in their messaging.

Answer 36

conformity, uniqueness

Question 37

The study of conformity across cultures shows that individualistic cultures tend to promote ____ while collectivistic cultures emphasize ____.

Answer 37

independence, group harmony

Question 38

In the context of social psychology, conformity is influenced by both individual differences and the ____ context.

Answer 38

social