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Socials10 > WW1 Questions Ch2 > Flashcards

WW1 Questions Ch2 Flashcards

1
Q

what were the red baron and billy bishop known for?

A
  • how many ppl they shot down/killed

- were pilots and known as aces

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2
Q

two lines from “in flanders fields”?

A

-“in flanders field, the poppies grow

between the crosses, row by row”

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3
Q

role that a relative played in WW1?

A

-many passed away

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4
Q

effect of chlorine gas?

A
  • blistering in lungs: lead to internally drowning
  • eye irritation/temporary or permanent blinding
  • droiziness
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5
Q

definition of “trench mouth”?

A

-bad mouth infection: infected gums, tooth decay, teeth falling out

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6
Q

weapons used in WW1? (3)

A
  • baynet: knife on a gun/barrel-stabs
  • artilery: (shells, ordance) makes holes/splits whatever hit into millions of pieces
  • landmines: (under) ground explosive device that is activated when near or on top of weapon
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7
Q

term to decribe ppl who do not believe in violence?

A

-pacifist

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8
Q

year WW1 ended?

A

-1918

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9
Q

area between enemy trenches?

A

“no-man’s land”

-owned by nobody;place where most were killed

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10
Q

meaning of expression “shell-shock”?

A
  • PTSD

- soldier unable to function/scared, panicked, helpless reaction to bombardment and fighting

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11
Q

meaning of word “conscription”?

A

-mandatory enlistment of men aged 20-35

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12
Q

countries that fount in WW1?

A
  • germany/austria-hungary/italy
  • france/great britain/russia
  • canada/america
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13
Q

meaning of expression “fighting on the front lines”?

A

-fighting in the front;heat in heart of battle

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14
Q

definition of “alliance”?

A
  • groups come together to an agreement to achieve a common goal
  • each other’s backup
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15
Q

day the war ended?

A
  • nov 11 1918

- last confirmed kill: 10:59am

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16
Q

why did 10,000 canadians volunteer to join the canadian forces?

A
  • offered 1 dollar a day

- patriotic felling and looking for adventure

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17
Q

how were bombs dropped from aircraft?

A

-pilots carry the bombs are their lap and release them at the appropriate time through the open cockpit

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18
Q

why did germany introduce a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare?

A
  • war taking to long in german pov
  • uboats would sink any ship approaching britain
  • british navy set up a blockade bewteen denmark and sweden to prevent germany from entering the north sea and atlantic
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19
Q

significant of sinking of british passenger ship the lusitania?

A
  • 1198 ppl drowned and 128 americans died
  • america public turned agains germany and the sinking of the ship made americans come out of isolation to become apart of world affairs
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20
Q

why was the US entrance to the war the turning point for allies?

A
  • most powerful industrial nation
  • helped Allies gain resources
  • declared war on germany
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21
Q

battle of ypres significance? (canadian pov)

A
  • first taste of trench warfare
  • first poison attack in history
  • suffered terrible losses (6000+ died)
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22
Q

battle of the somme significance? (canadian pov)

A

20,000+ soldiers killed

  • NFL regiment suffered 90% casualties;officer either wounded or killed
  • 23 canadians ordered “shot at dawn” bc they were unable to fight or return to front lines;suffered from shell shock
  • casualties for both sides reached 1.25m
  • only few miles of land gained
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23
Q

battle of vimy ridge significance? (canadian pov) *

A
  • suffered heavy losses (3000 killed, 7000 injured)
  • capture of vimy ridge was 1st time can units fought tgt as one, idependent of british forces
  • result of battle became symbol of can independence and nationhood
  • recognized as some of best troops on western front
  • can general arthur currie promoted to replace british general byng
24
Q

battle of passchendaele significance? (canadian pov)

A
  • can attacked town and held it until reinforcements came
  • can commander general arthur currie was overruled but his troops were forced to fight anyways
  • battle was futile, germans one back the land
  • 1 in every 5 canadians survived
  • only 7km land gained
25
Q

who was an enemy alien during ww1?

A

-500,000 german, austria, hungarian ppl who were residents of citizens or canada

26
Q

how did canada’s economy change during the war?

A
  • debt increased to finance wartime production (during)
  • factories quickly retooled to produce war supplies urging farmers to produce as much as they could (after)
  • economy boomed till the end
27
Q

why did the issue of conscription help divide english and french relations in canada more?

A
  • eng-can believed quebec was not supporting war
  • quebec didnt feel same as eng speakers
  • fr pop lost its language rights and cultural/sentimental aspects with french/felt like second class citizens
  • did not want to sacrifice future to fight/were farmers needing sons to help on the farm
  • protestant clergy in charge of recruitment;quebecois were catholic
  • training camps run in english
28
Q

how did the issue of conscription impact 1917 election?

A
  • PM borden invited Wilfred Laurier and liberals to join his party the conservativesand form a coalition gov
  • wanted to demonstrate can’s commitment to winning war
  • laurier refused bc liberals opposed conscription
  • election was fought on issues of conscription
29
Q

fourteen points original intention?

A

-convince americans that sacrifices made during war were justified

30
Q

what was done with the fourteen points?

A

-presented to paris to convince europeans that the points could be the basis of a lasting peace

31
Q

issue addressed through points 9-14?

A
  • promised ethnic groups in central and eastern europe a homeland
  • austro-hungarian empire should cease to exist
32
Q

why was self determination difficult to follow through?

A
  • hard to find piece of land for all the ethnic groups

- countries and borders alr existed

33
Q

how did treaty of versailles impact WW2?

A
  • several groups of ppl left w/o homeland=strong nationalism remained leading to war
  • germany angry they had to pay extreme penalties for starting war and blame was put on them/did not want to accept humiliation and sought for revenge
  • adolf hitler use aspect of treaty to convince german ppl to overthrow new german gov
34
Q

germany motives to go to war?

A
  • believed they could win war now but not later

- timing was right

35
Q

austria-hungary’s motives to go to war?

A
  • concerned with survival of it multi-ethnic state

- wanted to solve pan slavic problem

36
Q

russias motives to go to war?

A

-mostly economic;wanted access to all weather port badly

37
Q

france motives to go to war?

A

-believed loyalty to alliance system was only way to remain in major power

38
Q

britain motives to go to war?

A
  • believed independence of sovereign states

- curbing increasing strength in germany

39
Q

what is the pan slavic problem?

A

-AH dominated slav ppl but slav ppl wanted to be united with other slav groups in russia to form own country

40
Q

what is a sovereign state?

A

-independent states which ppl govern themselves w/o foreign ruler

41
Q

canada motives to go to war?

A
  • automatically entered in war as part of british empire

- sense of patriotism

42
Q

date of assasination of archduke franz ferdinand?

A

-june 28, 1914

43
Q

who was archduke franz ferdinand?

A

-heir to austrian-hungarian empire

44
Q

how did germans success against the russians hurt the germans?

A
  • success against russians contributed to stalemate on western front
  • in order for germans to defeat russians they had to transfer troops from the western front to the eastern front
45
Q

why was german not on the road to success after russia was out of the war?

A
  • allies (AH and turkey) were on collasping point

- crisis bc US was joining war on allied side

46
Q

what is the HMS dreadnought?

A
  • largest and fastest ship

- heavily armoured

47
Q

who was archduke franz ferdinand’s assasin?

A

-Gavrilo Princip

48
Q

what did women on the homefront do?

A
  • took over traditional jobs done by men
  • worked on boats, farms, munitions, factories, car manufacturers, banks, police forces
  • kept house clean and fended for children
  • worked longer hours than men but were paid less
  • produced needs for soldiers
49
Q

what is the war measures act?

A
  • gov has power to do whatever is needed for the protection of the ppl (security, defense, peace, order, welfare of can)
  • control of transportation, manufacturing, trade and agriculture
  • censored mail, radio, and newspaper
  • police must do job even if ppl unsatisfied
  • charater is gone if inforced
50
Q

what are the provisions of the treaty of versailles?

A
  • war guilt clause
  • alsace-lorraine returned to france
  • poland given strip of land taken from germany to create access to sea (polish corridor)
  • germany and central powers forced to surrender all their colonies to the leauge of nations
  • german army limited to 100,000 men and navy plus airforce was limited in size
  • germany forced to surrender its entire merchant fleet as compensation to the allies for ship losses during the war
  • bank of rhine river valley was demilitarized and germany was prohibited in that (buffer) zone
  • unification between AH and germany forbidden
  • constitution of league of nations included in treaty
51
Q

why did the US enter the war?

A
  • sinking of Lusitania 1915
  • Germans implementing unrestricted submarine warfare 1917
  • learned germany was encouraging mexico to attack US
52
Q

what ethnic groups were promised a homeland?

A

-Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, Poles

53
Q

what two new states were created due to self determination?

A
  • czechoslovakia

- yugoslavia

54
Q

international effects of the war?

A
  • cost $200 billion leaving europe near bankruptcy
  • ottoman empire no longer exists
  • AH disintegrated-creation of Czech and Yugo making a larger Romania and Bulgaria
  • poland became independent nation (first under russian controland thien briefly under german control)
  • gov ruled by kings replaced with democry (Germany, AH, Turkey); Russia became 1st communist country
  • Germany blamed for war TofV
  • europe refugees fled homelands and relocated
55
Q

what happened to the map of europe?

A
  • poland given strip of land from germany to create polish corridor
  • czechoslovakia created (had 2.5 million germans)
  • alsace lorraine returned to france

Socials10 (18 decks)

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