WW1 Points (SG) Ch2 Flashcards
who possessed the largest empire?
- britain
- its strategic military and naval bases were known all around the globe
- british empire was what other colonial powers envied
- britain’s empire made them extremely wealthy
what is militarism?
- policy of making a countries armed forces very strong, allowing military interest to dominate gov policy in a political situation
- state of mind where individuels and society accept war as a respectful way of improving a country’s interests and resolving conflicts
- men are trained and prepared for service at any time
what is nationalism?
- two types
1. -strong feeling of patriotism and pride for one’s country - desire of ppl to preserve their customs
- called “nation-statism” bc it is connected to an existing state
- feelings of nationalism were extreme in 1914 (european countries)
2. -exists within ethnic groups who don’t have their own country - desire to be liberated from a different dominant ethnic group
- this type of nationalism led to beginning of war in balkans and austria-hungary
what are alliances?
- close association of nations for achieviement of common objectives/goals
- group of countries unite for military protection
- method for nations to ensure their security but it also made war start easier
what is the ross rifle?
- weapon troops used that was manufactured in canada
- good for sharp shooting
- poor in trench warfare;jammed easily in dirt and mud
what is the CEF?
- canadian expeditionary force
- canadians who served overseas
- on western front four canadian divisions formed the can corps-fought alongside british forces
- creation of can corps strengthened unity of can soldiers fighting in europe, gave canadians at home sense of pride
- 1917 general arthur currie became commander of corps replacing british general julian byng
what are machine guns? (use and significance?)
- efficient in killing enemy troops as they advanced over no-mans land
- accounted for most of deaths that happend during the war
what is conscription?
- compulsory military service issued in 1917 when volunteer enlistments were not keeping up with the amount of dying soldiers
- french were against the new requirement
what is censorship?
- introduced under war measures act
- banned publication of books and magazines in enemy languages
- measures taken to protect canada from the enemy aliens living within its borders
- gov not sharing true number of casualties from the war to the public also a form of censorship
what was the role of women during WW1?
- work overseas as nurses/ambulance drivers
- employed in industry, banks, police forces at home
- jobs considered unsuitable for women before 1914
what was the triple alliance?
- also known as central powers
- consist of germany, austria-hungary, italy
what was the newfoundland regiment?
- newfouldland soldiers
- army unit
what is the two-power standard?
- official policy regarding britain’s navy
- british navy must be equal to or better than two other navies combined
who is PM Robert Borden?
- former PM of canada
- supported britain/offered them 25,000 fully trained and equipped men who were paid for by the canadian gov
- demanded can have its own seat in conferences;won seat
- demanded can be allowed to sign treaty of versailles
who is Captain Roy Brown?
-canadian pilot who shot down red baron
what are tanks? (use and significance?)
- used in trench warfare first time in battle of the somme
- developed to solve problems of trench warfare
- could attack over no mans land safely bc they were immune to barbed wire and machine gun fire
- first had little impact due to clumsiness but by 1918 they were the major reason for allied victory
which country had its neutrality violated by germany?
-belgium using the schlieffen plan
what is “self-determination”?
-ethnic groups vote on issues of who they prefer to live with and be governed by
what is the war measures act of 1917?
- act to place restrictions on enemy aliens
- could be arrested, searched or sent to interment camps
- censorship introduced
- gov has power to do whatever is needed for the protection of the ppl (security, defense, peace, order, welfare of can)
- control of transportation, manufacturing, trade and agriculture
- censored mail, radio, and newspaper
- police must do job even if ppl unsatisfied
- charater is gone if inforced
what is imperialism?
- extending the rule of authority of one country over others
- forming and maintaining empire through establishment of colonies
- european empires competed for same territory
what are dreadnoughts?
- largest and fastest ship
- heavily armoured
what is the triple entente?
- also known as allied powers
- consists of france, russia, britain
-no formal agreement was signs;only france and russia truly formed a defensive alliance
what is camp valcartier?
- training camp set up for over 30,000 men in quebec
- set up by sire sam hughes canada’s minister of militia and defence
- english was the spoken language
what is the military service bill 1917?
- introduced by PM borden
- made conscription mandatory for all males ages 20-35