Interwar Years Definitions Ch3

Question 1

league of nations

Answer 1

• community of nations
• “a general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike”
• form of international organization

Question 2

arbitration

Answer 2

-process where quarrelling parties pass (submit) their dispute to a third party for ruling

Question 3

collective security

Answer 3

• community of nations that would guarentee each others safety
• members of LofN who bound themselves to help any member that was a victim of aggression

Question 4

group of seven

Answer 4

• most famous group of artists from twentieth century
• rejected realism;used bold strokes, heavy paint and contrast in their paintings
• 1920;first exibition/gradually gained popularity
• only painted canadian landscapes (mainly north)

Question 5

emily carr

Answer 5

• emerged during 1920s and 1930s
• recognized as one of canada’s greatest artists
• sketched and painted scenes of forests around victoria, BC and studied local indigenous cultures

Question 6

pier 21

Answer 6

-port of halifax which was where boats of european immigrants entered through

Question 7

chanak crisis

Answer 7

• 1922: British sent troops to turkey for they fears turkey may occupy br controlled port of chanak and give turkey control of only waterway leading from black sea to mediterranean having easy access to europe through balkans
• PM King told br canada would not automatically send support troops if br went to war but troops would be sent only based on parliament decisions
• first time canada refused unconditional support for british imperal war policies

Question 8

imperial conference, 1926

Answer 8

• made canada known that is was in no way subordinate to great britain
• after conference “colony had become a nation”

Question 9

balfour report

Answer 9

• acknowledged that the dominions were autonomous (independent) communities within the British Empire
• canadian GG was only a representative of BR monarch

Question 10

statute of westminster

Answer 10

• legally recognized the balfour report that made canada an autonomous dominion of GB at the imperial conference 1926
• specified that dominions were free to make their own laws
• december 11, 1931, canada became a sovereign state

Question 11

british commonwealth of nations

Answer 11

• december 11, 1931, canada became a sovereign state apart of the BCWofN
• established as an association of free and equal states
• membership based on common allegiance to br crown
• CW countries were former br colonies

Question 12

red scare

Answer 12

• canadian workers joined tgt to form trade unions
• many ppl believed that this action may be the start of communist revolution
• canadian fear of communism for they did not want the bolsheviks (group of communists in russia) to win the war

Question 13

trade unions

Answer 13

-formed by canadians to gain improved housing, job training programs, and higher pay

Question 14

collective bargaining

Answer 14

-when labour law in canada did not demand employers to bargain with employee representatives

Question 15

bloody saturday

Answer 15

• the day (june 21, 1919) violence in winnipeg drew the attention of a huge crowd to watch a parade protesting against the arrest of strike leaders.
• crowd overturned a streetcar and set it on fire

Question 16

winnipeg general strike

Answer 16

• most famous and influential strikes in can history
• 30,000 workers walked off the job for thwy wanted decent wages, eight hour work days and right to bargain as a group for better working conditions
• spread from industry to industry and eventually a general strike shutting down all services (stores, factories, transportation, garbage collection, post, telephone, fire fighters)
• drew attention to social and economic problems

Question 17

cooperative commonwealth federation

Answer 17

• pro-worker political party

- became new democratic party (NDP) in 1961

Question 18

king-byng crisis

Answer 18

• PM mackenzie king and liberal party won fewer seats that conservative party
• king refused to resign bc he had support from progressive party
• 1926, king felt he was losing PP support meaning he could face defeat in parliament
• PM king asked GG (lord byng) to dissolve parliament but GG believed king should of resigned earlier when conservatives won;refused to call election
• result=king resigned and GG invited conservatives to form gov
• PM (arthur meighen) of conservative party lost vote in HofC and another election was called
• king re-elected as PM
• first time GG refused request of PM to dissolve parliament

Question 19

laissez faire

Answer 19

• nineteenth century of laissez faire in economic matters
• translation: “let do” closer to “let it be” or “don’t get too involved”
• governments let the economy do whatever it wanted without interfering

Question 20

market economy

Answer 20

• countries that have a capitalist economic system

- individual producers and consumers determine the kinds of goods and services produced and its prices

Question 21

supply and demand

Answer 21

• concept that helps explain the pricing scructure in a market economy
• supply: availability of a product or commodity
• demand: represents was it implies/how badly ppl want that product

Question 22

recession

Answer 22

-economic activity is in decline

Question 23

boom

Answer 23

-periods of extreme prosperity

Question 24

bust

Answer 24

• follows boom

- serious downturn and can lead to deep prolonged recession

Question 25

great depression

Answer 25

• worldwide economic depression
• economic boom of roaring twenties came to an end october 29 1929
• stock exchanges of new york, toronto, montreal “crashed” and north americans plunged into the great depression
• made in america
• started in usa

Question 26

black tuesday

Answer 26

• day the stock market crashed: october 29, 1929
• indicated that something was already wrong eith the system
• did not cause depression by itself

Question 27

buying on margin

Answer 27

• 1920s investors bought their stocks shares on margin

- investors buying stocks with borrowed money with hope that in a short time the stock would increase significantly

Question 28

speculation

Answer 28

-process of investors that buy on margin would sell, repay the loan and harvest a large profit

Question 29

tariffs

Answer 29

-duties (money) collected on goods coming into a country

Question 30

protectionism

Answer 30

-government protected home industries from the competition of foreign goods by discouraging imports through tariffs

Question 31

the new deal

Answer 31

• introduced to americans by franklin roosevelt
• promised to implement in 100 days of action of he was elected
• set of relief programs meant to put americans back to work

Question 32

john maynard keynes

Answer 32

• british economist who proposed radical solutions

- proposed gov should spend their way out of depression instead of cutting costs

Question 33

deficit financing

Answer 33

-proposed that governments should borrow money to be repaid in the future when the economy recoverd, and spend it on huge employment projects

Question 34

riding the rails

Answer 34

• referred as hitchhiking
• hitching a ride on freight trains by trying to ride on top of, cars, inside cars, or on top of timber or other products on open flat cars
• rode the rails in search of employment

Question 35

pogey

Answer 35

• program developed by government that provided vouchers to those ppl who qualified
• they could then exchange for goods like food or other essentials
• kept lower than the lowest paying jobs in order to discourage ppl from wanting to be on it
• not sufficient

Question 36

unemployment relief camps

Answer 36

• set up by PM bennet for single, unemployed men
• worked on labour public works projects (building roads) for $0.20 per day
• they received a room and board

Question 37

bennett’s new deal

Answer 37

• Canadian version of president roosevelt’s new deal in 1935

- response to great depression

Question 38

on-to-ottawa trek

Answer 38

• june 1935, thousands of relief camp workers were frustrated by their experience and boarded vancouver trains bound for ottawa
• wanted to work with wages and real jobs

Question 39

regina riot

Answer 39

-riot that broke out in regina saskatchewan when the on to ottawa trek were stopped by the RCMP

Question 40

employment insurance (E.I.)

Answer 40

• workers who are laid off recieve money from the government to help them meet their basic needs while they look for a new job
• payments ensure the demand for goods in society does not decrease so economy remains strong