Interwar Years Definitions Ch3 Flashcards
league of nations
- community of nations
- “a general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike”
- form of international organization
arbitration
-process where quarrelling parties pass (submit) their dispute to a third party for ruling
collective security
- community of nations that would guarentee each others safety
- members of LofN who bound themselves to help any member that was a victim of aggression
group of seven
- most famous group of artists from twentieth century
- rejected realism;used bold strokes, heavy paint and contrast in their paintings
- 1920;first exibition/gradually gained popularity
- only painted canadian landscapes (mainly north)
emily carr
- emerged during 1920s and 1930s
- recognized as one of canada’s greatest artists
- sketched and painted scenes of forests around victoria, BC and studied local indigenous cultures
pier 21
-port of halifax which was where boats of european immigrants entered through
chanak crisis
- 1922: British sent troops to turkey for they fears turkey may occupy br controlled port of chanak and give turkey control of only waterway leading from black sea to mediterranean having easy access to europe through balkans
- PM King told br canada would not automatically send support troops if br went to war but troops would be sent only based on parliament decisions
- first time canada refused unconditional support for british imperal war policies
imperial conference, 1926
- made canada known that is was in no way subordinate to great britain
- after conference “colony had become a nation”
balfour report
- acknowledged that the dominions were autonomous (independent) communities within the British Empire
- canadian GG was only a representative of BR monarch
statute of westminster
- legally recognized the balfour report that made canada an autonomous dominion of GB at the imperial conference 1926
- specified that dominions were free to make their own laws
- december 11, 1931, canada became a sovereign state
british commonwealth of nations
- december 11, 1931, canada became a sovereign state apart of the BCWofN
- established as an association of free and equal states
- membership based on common allegiance to br crown
- CW countries were former br colonies
red scare
- canadian workers joined tgt to form trade unions
- many ppl believed that this action may be the start of communist revolution
- canadian fear of communism for they did not want the bolsheviks (group of communists in russia) to win the war
trade unions
-formed by canadians to gain improved housing, job training programs, and higher pay
collective bargaining
-when labour law in canada did not demand employers to bargain with employee representatives
bloody saturday
- the day (june 21, 1919) violence in winnipeg drew the attention of a huge crowd to watch a parade protesting against the arrest of strike leaders.
- crowd overturned a streetcar and set it on fire
winnipeg general strike
- most famous and influential strikes in can history
- 30,000 workers walked off the job for thwy wanted decent wages, eight hour work days and right to bargain as a group for better working conditions
- spread from industry to industry and eventually a general strike shutting down all services (stores, factories, transportation, garbage collection, post, telephone, fire fighters)
- drew attention to social and economic problems
cooperative commonwealth federation
- pro-worker political party
- became new democratic party (NDP) in 1961
king-byng crisis
- PM mackenzie king and liberal party won fewer seats that conservative party
- king refused to resign bc he had support from progressive party
- 1926, king felt he was losing PP support meaning he could face defeat in parliament
- PM king asked GG (lord byng) to dissolve parliament but GG believed king should of resigned earlier when conservatives won;refused to call election
- result=king resigned and GG invited conservatives to form gov
- PM (arthur meighen) of conservative party lost vote in HofC and another election was called
- king re-elected as PM
- first time GG refused request of PM to dissolve parliament
laissez faire
- nineteenth century of laissez faire in economic matters
- translation: “let do” closer to “let it be” or “don’t get too involved”
- governments let the economy do whatever it wanted without interfering
market economy
- countries that have a capitalist economic system
- individual producers and consumers determine the kinds of goods and services produced and its prices
supply and demand
- concept that helps explain the pricing scructure in a market economy
- supply: availability of a product or commodity
- demand: represents was it implies/how badly ppl want that product
recession
-economic activity is in decline
boom
-periods of extreme prosperity
bust
- follows boom
- serious downturn and can lead to deep prolonged recession
great depression
- worldwide economic depression
- economic boom of roaring twenties came to an end october 29 1929
- stock exchanges of new york, toronto, montreal “crashed” and north americans plunged into the great depression
- made in america
- started in usa
black tuesday
- day the stock market crashed: october 29, 1929
- indicated that something was already wrong eith the system
- did not cause depression by itself
buying on margin
- 1920s investors bought their stocks shares on margin
- investors buying stocks with borrowed money with hope that in a short time the stock would increase significantly
speculation
-process of investors that buy on margin would sell, repay the loan and harvest a large profit
tariffs
-duties (money) collected on goods coming into a country
protectionism
-government protected home industries from the competition of foreign goods by discouraging imports through tariffs
the new deal
- introduced to americans by franklin roosevelt
- promised to implement in 100 days of action of he was elected
- set of relief programs meant to put americans back to work
john maynard keynes
- british economist who proposed radical solutions
- proposed gov should spend their way out of depression instead of cutting costs
deficit financing
-proposed that governments should borrow money to be repaid in the future when the economy recoverd, and spend it on huge employment projects
riding the rails
- referred as hitchhiking
- hitching a ride on freight trains by trying to ride on top of, cars, inside cars, or on top of timber or other products on open flat cars
- rode the rails in search of employment
pogey
- program developed by government that provided vouchers to those ppl who qualified
- they could then exchange for goods like food or other essentials
- kept lower than the lowest paying jobs in order to discourage ppl from wanting to be on it
- not sufficient
unemployment relief camps
- set up by PM bennet for single, unemployed men
- worked on labour public works projects (building roads) for $0.20 per day
- they received a room and board
bennett’s new deal
- Canadian version of president roosevelt’s new deal in 1935
- response to great depression
on-to-ottawa trek
- june 1935, thousands of relief camp workers were frustrated by their experience and boarded vancouver trains bound for ottawa
- wanted to work with wages and real jobs
regina riot
-riot that broke out in regina saskatchewan when the on to ottawa trek were stopped by the RCMP
employment insurance (E.I.)
- workers who are laid off recieve money from the government to help them meet their basic needs while they look for a new job
- payments ensure the demand for goods in society does not decrease so economy remains strong
