French English Relations-Ch7

Question 1

what is a referendum?

Answer 1

-when a political issue is submitted to a direct vote of all the citizens

Question 2

why did PM pierre trudeau propose the constitution act 1982?

Answer 2

• wanted canada’s constitution to belong to canada

- make canada a sovereign nation in action and symbolically

Question 3

why didn’t quebec sign the new constitution?

Answer 3

-premier of quebec rene levesque was not invited on the final night to discuss the draft of the new constitution with the other 9 premiers. quebec felt betrayed.

Question 4

why was quebec as a distinct society an issue?

Answer 4

• french speakers in quebec had a different definition of what it meant to be quebecois from what it meant to be canadian.
• distinguishes quebec from english canada

Question 5

who was the leader of the bloc quebecois federal party in 1993?

Answer 5

-Lucien Bouchard

Question 6

who was the leader of the parti quebecois and became premier of quebec in 1994?

Answer 6

-Jacques Parizcau

Question 7

how was the charlottetown accord 1992 different than the meech lake accord?

Answer 7

• made provisions for Indigenous self government, senate reform, universal healthcare, workers rights and environmental protection
• canada clause and distinct society clause for quebec included

Question 8

what did the supreme court rule in 1998 regarding quebecs right seeking independence?

Answer 8

• quebec did not have right to separate on its own
• would have to negotiate with fed gov, 9 other provinces and indigenous nations living in quebec
• negotiations only able to start after referendum in which a clear majority voted yes to clear question

Question 9

which act was passed in 1999 that stated in any future referenda quebec must ask a clear question and win a clear majority?

Answer 9

-clarity act

Question 10

why were french canadians betrayed by treaty of paris 1763?

Answer 10

-france gave up new france and was left with only a few islands off of newfoundland

Question 11

what was canada’s first constitution?

Answer 11

-quebec act 1774 passed by british gov;established rights of french canadians

Question 12

what did the duplessis era come to be called?

Answer 12

-la Grande Noirceur-the Great Darkness

Question 13

what was jean lesage campaign slogan?

Answer 13

-maitres chez nous-masters of our own house

Question 14

why did lesage not want soverignty for quebec?

Answer 14

• wanted more control over decisions affecting quebecs future
• sought to create a new and equal partnership with english canada

Question 15

what was french president charles degualles famous words at expo 67?

Answer 15

• vive le quebec libre-long live a free quebec

- encouraged french-canadian nationalism

Question 16

what right did the official languages act 1969 give canadians?

Answer 16

• legal right and ability to deal with the federal governemtn in either french or english
• signed by PM pierre trudeau

Question 17

what was the quiet revolution?

Answer 17

• period where quebec went through a period of rapid change and modernization called la revolution tranquille
• was a move away from the catholic church in political affairs
• increase in quebec nationalism and french canadians became quebecois

Question 18

what was the FLQ?

Answer 18

• front de liberation du quebec
• canadian separist group founded in 1960s bases in montreal
• spoke of marxist objectives and the need for quebec to separate from canada
• committed to using violence to achieve their goals

Question 19

what happened on oct 5 1970?

Answer 19

-four men of flq liberation cell kidnapped british trade commissioner james cross in montreal at gunpoint

Question 20

where were the flq demands in exchange for cross’ release?

Answer 20

• ransom at $500,000
• transport to cuba
• reading of flq manifesto to public
• release of flq political prisoners

Question 21

what happened on oct 10 1970?

Answer 21

-one cell in flq chenier cell, kidnapped vice premier and minister of labour of quebec pierre laporte

Question 22

what did the can gov do for cross’ release after finding laportes body in the car trunk?

Answer 22

-PM trudeau agreed to broadcast the flq manifesto over the radio and transported five flq terrorist to cuba

Question 23

what was the war measures act?

Answer 23

-act that gave the governemt power to take away certain civil rights

Question 24

what is bill 22? why was it introduced?

Answer 24

• bill 22 made french the official language of quebec and strengthened french in the workplace
• introduce by robert bourassa when birthrates were declining and immigration was increasing in quebec

Question 25

what was bill 101?

Answer 25

• introduced in 1977 by rene levesque to replace bill 22
• known as charter of french language bill-required french be the language used by governements, courts, businesses in quebec and commercial signs only to be displayed in french
• restricted access to english schools;required at least 1 parent of a child to have previously attened an english school in order for enrollement in a english school

Question 26

what is the notwithstanding clause?

Answer 26

-the passing of a law that overrides certain sections of the charter for a period of five years

Question 27

what new change did the language law bill 178 imply?

Answer 27

-outdoor signs must be in french but indoor signs could be billingual

Question 28

who was maurice duplessis?

Answer 28

• union nationale premier of quebec 1936-1939 and 1944-1959
• staunch roman catholic and political conservative
• avoided english influence and refused money from fed gov -supporter of prov rights
• known for bad working conditions and discouraged unions and used strong arm tactics against them
• 1959-ppl want social change and stopped supporting duplessis = old fashioned

Question 29

what are the potential impact of separation for canada?

Answer 29

• can would lose 15.5% of its land area
• can would lose up to 25% of its population
• can may lose up to 23% of its gross domestic product
• can would lose 15% of its fresh water and 14% of its mineral production
• atlantic canada would be physically severed and isolated from the rest of canada
• can defence would become more difficult
• quebec separation may cause other provinces to consider separating from confederation
• francophones in other provinces would be left without one of their most powerful allies

Question 30

when was canada’s new flag raised?

Answer 30

-february 15 1965

Question 31

when did canada officially become billingual?

Answer 31

• 1969

- official languages act