woven fabrics-1.2 Flashcards
what are the three types of weaves?
-plain
-twill
-satin
which is the simplest and cheapest weave?
Plain weave- it goes over one and under one which makes it incredibly simple, therefore reducing production time which makes it much cheaper
why is plain weave so strong?
it has the highest amount of interlacing points, which makes it incredibly strong
what does the surface of a plain weave look like?
-it is plain, firm and smooth which makes it good for printing
how can you produce different decorative effects in weaves?
by using different coloured weft and warp yarns
what are some fabrics that can be made using plain weave?
-calico
-taffeta
-lawn
-flannel
-gingham
-chiffon
-poplin
which weave is the most hard-wearing weave?
twill weave
why is twill fabric more expensive?
because it is much more complicated to make- the weft goes over 2 or 3 and under one
why does twill fabric fray?
because there are fewer interlacing points
what is the difference between plain weave in comparison to satin and twill weave?
plain weave fabrics have no definite right or wrong side and look the same on both sides, whereas satin and twill weave have definite right and wrong sides
what does the uneven twill surface allow for?
less dirt to be shown on the surface of the fabric
what does twill weaving leave on the surface of the fabric?
a diagonal pattern
what types of fabrics does twill weave make?
-tartan
-denim
-drill
-gabardine
-dog-tooth check
-herringbone
which weave has a smooth and lustrous appearance?
-satin weave
what do the warp yarns do in satin weave?
‘float’ over the four or more weft yarns before going under one warp yarn which gives it a lustrous appearance
why does satin snag and fray easily?
due to fewer interlacing points
what type of yarn is used to give satin a greater lustre?
-filament yarns
what types of fabrics can be made with satin weave?
-satin
-sateen
-duchesse satin
-heavy bridal satins
what can satin fabric be used for?
-evening wear
-bridal wear
-lingerie
what are jacquard fabrics?
fabrics where a pattern is created through weaving or knitted rather than being printed onto the fabric
how are jacquard fabrics made?
a computer controlled jacquard loom lifts individual warp yarns and interchanges plain, twill and satin weaves to create complex patterns
what are the issues with warp/cut weave fabrics?
-they are difficult to work with
-the fabric is expensive due to the third (pile) yarn and fabric wastage
-fabric is not durable as the third yarn can easily fall away from the background weave, which can leave bald patches
what are the advantages of warp/cut weave fabrics?
-heavy
-warm
-a soft plush fabric is created
-good drape
what fabric can be made from jacquard weaving?
brocade
what fabric can be made from warp/cut weaving?
velvet- two fabrics are placed face to face and a third warp yarn alternates between them. A knife then cuts this warp yarn.
what can the cords in uncut/weft pile weave be?
different sizes-
needlecord- fine
-jumbo cord- thick
what is an example of uncut/weft pile weave?
corduroy
how is a uncut loop pile weave made?
the loops are uncut making a much stronger and more durable pile weave fabric
what is the disadvantage of using uncut loop pile weave?
-it is very expensive due to the amount of yarn used
-the fabric takes a long time to dry and us very heavy when wet
-the fabric frays and ravels when cut and it’s weight and thickness may make it challenging to work with
what are uncut loop pile fabrics made with?
-cotton fibres so that it is soft, very absorbent and thermally insulating due to the extra yarn an loop structures
how are tartan woven effects made?
by alternating different sized bands of coloured yarns which are interlaced in the warps and wefts using a plain or twill weave
how is madras woven effect made?
commercial production is similar to tartan but brightly coloured dyed cotton yarn and plain weave is used to create a large check pattern
what is a nap?
The direction of the fabric’s pattern
what is a pile?
The raised surface of a fabric
which weave is the most absorbent?
uncut/loop pile weave
what is gingham fabric usually made of?
cotton or polycotton
how is gingham characterised?
by checks/plaid/stripes
what sound does taffeta make when moved?
makes a rustling sound with movement
what is taffeta usually made from?
filament yarns/polyester/silk
what is poplin (a plain weave fabric) commonly made from?
cotton weft and nylon warp
what is a woven fabric?
a fabric made my interlacing two or more sets of yarns at right angles to each other
what is a cut pile weave?
A weave with a third yarn woven into the warp and weft yarns in order to give the fabric a raised surface. this third warp yarn is then cut
what is an un-cut pile weave?
A weave with a third yarn woven into the warp and weft yarns in order to give a raised surface. The third yarn is not cut and is left.
which yarn is coloured in twill weave to create a diagonal pattern?
The warp yarn
