World War I Flashcards
(37 cards)
What did the Triple Alliance compose of? What did they become?
Austria-Hungary, they would become the central powers
What did the Triple Entente compose of? What did they become?
Russia, France, and Great, they would become the Allies
Who was Alfred Von Schlieffen?
-Chief of the general staff
-put together the schieffen plan
Who was Helmuth Von Moltke?
- overly reflective in decision making
- Took Alfred Von Schlieffen’s place as chief of the general staff
- was the one to see the Schlieffen plan be carried out
- his headquarters were far removed from the battle area
- making decisions without full information
- caused miscommunication
- making decisions without full information
What did the Schlieffen plan call?
Germany was to attack in France on the western front because it would take them much time to set up, but a holding action against Russia
Who was Alexander Von Kluck?
commander of German First army
Why did Kluck as Moltke if he could change the Schlieffen plan?
his first army were worn, and there was a disconnection between his first and second army. he wanted to go east of Paris to reconnect reconnect with his second army, however the French commander in chief, Joseph Joffre had expected it
What happened at the first battle of the Marne?
- French with British assistance fought against the Germans
- The Allies won; the French with British assistance won against Germans
- turning point since they shattered what was left of the Schlieffen plan, shattered Germany’s expectation to have a fast win; they also stopped Germans advanced to northeastern Paris
- this caused the Italians to join the allies in the spring of 1915
- was also referred to as the miracle of marne
What happened at the first Battle of Ypres?
British stopped the Germans from capturing any of the French seaports
What did the Western front war slowly becoming? What did it mean?
War of statement and attrition on the western front; neither could break through the lines of others
What happened on the Eastern front?
- Russia had eventually reached Germany
- Germany had thought that Russia would move at a slow mobilization, which was was false
Who was Paul von Hindenburg
-Commander of Germany on the Eastern front
Who was Hindenburg’s chief of staff? What were they called?
Erich Ludendorff, they were known as the hindendburg staff
What happened at the Battle of Tannenberg?
Germany army defeat the Russian Army
What was the Battle of Verdun?
-Longest Battle of the war
Who was the German Chief of the general staff of Battle of Verdun?
Erich von Falkenhayn , he said the best way to end war was Great Britain, which was to attack their Britains best sword, France; would be ended up getting replaced by the Hindenburg twins
What was total war?
- Entire society mobilization
- battle front & home front were both involved in the war
- Government rationing
- people were found in factories working to make war supply needs
- introduction of both the airplane (air-bomb raids ) and assault tanks
Who was Walther Rathenau?
- german entrepreneur, electrical company
- first generation technocrat
- organized the home front for war
What did Walther Rathenau do?
-he set up the war raw materials board;
- working closely with the private sector oversaw the purchase of vital raw materials for artillery and ammunitions
- given out based on the efficiency of the manufacturer and what was needed
-brought in Louis Loucheur
What did Louis Loucheur do?
- produced large number of artillery shells
- first generation technocrat
- would eventually replace Thomas as minister of the armaments
- he was in charge 1.5 million people
- had 34 Million artillery shells stocked for use
What kind of dictatorship did Hindenburg and Ludendorff establish in Germany?
de factor military dictatorship
Who was Herbert Asquith?
- British prime minister that seemed inadequate in leading the war
- Always had the tendency to “wait and see”
- was eventually kicked out of office
-known for his debating skills
Who was David Lloyd George?
-he was energetic when it came to the war (dynamic leadership)
-set up various ministries in the government to oversee war related in issues
-transformed the ammunition effort in Britain
Who was George Clemenceau?
- came to the peak of power in France
- member of the french deputies
- reputation for combative tendencies
- determined to win the war
- set up a form of civilian dictatorship as primer of 3rd republic
