The French Revolution

Question 1

What did the French do after American Revolutionary War broke out between America and Britain?

Answer 1

They watched with great interest

Question 2

What was the Battle of Saratoga?

Answer 2

It was where the American colonists would defeat the British, making it a crucial turning point in the struggle

Question 3

What where the three points of the success at Saratoga?

Answer 3

1. Colonists success at Saratoga paved the way for the Franco-american alliance of 1778
2. the battle convinced the French that the colonists could win the war
3. the French and Americans signed a military treaty in February 1778

Question 4

What was the Peace of Paris of 1783?

Answer 4

It was ended the American revolutionary war. France got the satisfaction of having the British in war, but the consist of war contributed to France’s financial crisis in the 1780s.

Question 5

As France headed towards bankruptcy, what did Louis XIV felt like doing?

Answer 5

he felt the need to convene the Estates General to deal with the crisis. so in July 1788, the king made announcement convening the estates general for the spring of 1789

Question 6

What would happen at the Parliament of Paris (Supreme Court of France in the Old Regime) ?

Answer 6

It was compromised of entrenched nobles that ruled that the estates general would be organized in the same as in 1614
1. meant that voting would be by estate, each estate getting one vote
2. the parliament’s railing would allowed the nobility to control the estates general since the nobles the first and second estates, outvoting the third estate

Question 7

What did the leaders do about the parliament of Paris’s decision?

Answer 7

They called for a doubling of the third estate and voting by head during the fall and winter of 1788-1789. Louis XVI agreed to the double number of representatives in the third estate, but the king made no decision about voting by head

Question 8

When and where did the estates general have its meeting?

Answer 8

May 1789 in Versailles

Question 9

What did the third estate do with the estates general?

Answer 9

they broke away and formed the National Assembly in June 1789. some members of the first and second estate joined them

Question 10

What happened at the Oath of Tennis Court?

Answer 10

members of the national assembly pledged not to disband until they had drafted a constitution for France

Question 11

What did Louis XIV do with the National Assembly?

Answer 11

he ordered troops to assemble at versailles with the intention of moving against them

Question 12

What happened at the Storming of Bastille?

Answer 12

alarmed at the king’s movements, a Parisian crowed demanded arms from the governor of Bastille fortress in Paris, which was a fortress that was symbol of the king’s authority over Paris; the storming also marked the end of the old regime in France

Question 13

What was one of the inital reforms of the National Assembly?

Answer 13

it was the declaration of rights man and citizen. article I states that men are born and remain free and equal in rights

Question 14

What was the constitution of 1791?

Answer 14

it was the draft that the National Assembly had been working on. it created a constitutional monarchy. Louis xiv had to share power with the legislative assembly and it was not a democracy since voting was restricted to men who paid a certain amount of taxes

Question 15

What was the constitution of 1791?

Answer 15

it was the draft that the National Assembly had been working on. it created a constitutional monarchy. Louis xiv had to share power with the legislative assembly and it was not a democracy since voting was restricted to men who paid a certain amount of taxes

Question 16

What was the era of the legislative assembly, how did it effect the first coalition?

Answer 16

the era of legislative assembly only lasted one year. the war first coalition broke out between France and Austria and Prussia. Louis wanted war because he believed France would lose and that could restore the old regime back. on the political left, advocates of the war only wanted war because they believed it would trigger France patriotism and French would revolutionary ideas to spread to other parts of Europe

Question 17

What was the national convention?

Answer 17

it was set up to replace the definition constitutional monarchy. its members were elected in September 1792 based on universal male suffrage

Question 18

What was the battle of Valmy?

Answer 18

French had scored its first major victory by defeating the Prussian army in eastern France. it saved them from being crushed by their enemies, and days later Prussians would withdraw from French territories

Question 19

who took over French government in 1793?

Answer 19

a French extremist group called the mountain. they had. medical agenda with Maximilian Robespierre as their leader.

Question 20

What kind of republic did Maximillian Robespierre want?

Answer 20

he wanted a republic of virtue where there would be no excess wealth, every citizen would serve the public good, and love and justice would prevail

Question 21

who was the leader of the committee of public safety?

Answer 21

Maximillian Robespierre

Question 22

why did the national convention call for the committee of public safety?

Answer 22

there was an emergency in France, the first coalition was going again and some parts of France was experiencing revolts. it was given powers by the national convention to run the country

Question 23

What was the reign of terror?

Answer 23

organized by the committee of public dates. it was over saw by Robespierre as he tried to realize his republic of virtue. Louis saint was the key assistant in carrying out executions. he was a brutal man that carried out large number of death

Question 24

What was the reign of terror?

Answer 24

organized by the committee of public dates. it was over saw by Robespierre as he tried to realize his republic of virtue. Louis saint-just was the key assistant in carrying out executions. he was a brutal man that carried out large number of death, known as the angel of death

Question 25

what was Louis saint-just heard saying while guillotining people on one occasion?

Answer 25

heads, heads, and more heads

Question 26

how did the reign of terror end?

Answer 26

plotters against Robespierre succeeding in ousting him and saint just and others close to him out of power. they were both sent to be guillotined

Question 27

how many people were killed in the reign of terror

Answer 27

40,000-50,000

Question 28

What was the directory?

Answer 28

it was created to replace the national convention as an experiment of republican form of government. it was called the directory because its executive branch consisted of 5 directors.

Question 29

who symbolized the directory’s short comings?

Answer 29

Paul barras; he was self-serving, corrupt, disreputable, and debauched. he served as the director from beginning to end

Question 30

how many pillars did the old regime have? what were they?

Answer 30

three kings, Catholic Church, and nobility

Question 31

what were the three states of the estates general?

Answer 31

first estate, second estate, third estate

Question 32

description of the first estate

Answer 32

clergy, a big gap between poor clergy and rich clergy; problems with corruption and scandals

Question 33

description of the second clergy

Answer 33

nobility, controlled lands that gave them their wealth, were exempted from land taxes called taille, honor privileges

Question 34

why did the second clergy establish the aristocratic resurgence?

Answer 34

to stop the middle class from entering the ranks of nobility

Question 35

description of the third class?

Answer 35

bourgeoisie (middle class; uncomfortable with society because it was built on privilege and began to use terms of equality), peasants (farmers of low status; most of the French population, resented they had to pay land taxes), urban workers (handicraftsmen, skilled artisans, and unskilled workers)

Question 36

who were the royal couple of the French Revolution?

Answer 36

Louis xvi and Marie Antoinette