Extra terms for Examination One

Question 1

Pierre Bayle

Answer 1

a huguenot taht rook refuge from government persecution in the dutch republic

Question 2

Historical and Critical Dictionary

Answer 2

Bayle critically examining the religious beliefs and persecutions of the past

Question 3

What did Pierre bayle say about skeptiscism?

Answer 3

humans had been extremely varied and very often mistake. he concluded that nothing can ever be known beyond all doubt

Question 4

John Locke’s essay concerning human understanding

Answer 4

most important text of the enlightenment. set a new theory about how human beings learn from their ideas.

Question 5

John Locke’s tabula rusa

Answer 5

his idea that the human mind at birth was a blank slate, on which understanding and beliefs were made by experience. human development was made based on beliefs by external forces , not innate characteristics

Question 6

Adam smith

Answer 6

1. argued in the theory of moral sentiments that social interaction produced feelings of mutual sympathy that lead people to behave in ethical ways, despite inherent tendencies towards self interest. believed that thriving commercial life of the 18th century to provide civic theory through values of completion, fair play, and individual autonomy
2. in inquiry into the nature and causes of wealth of nation he attacked the laws and regulations created by merchants governments that prevented commerce from full capacity

Question 7

economic liberalism

Answer 7

humans have the capability of coming correct judgements based on their own experience and should it hampered by government regulations. instead a persist of individual interest in a competitive market would lead to the prosperity and greater social equality. became the dominant form of economic thought in the 19th century

Question 8

asikaga shogunate

Answer 8

returned Japanese government to Kyoto and launch the great age of the zen-influcned muomachi culture in the 15h century.

Question 9

Muromachi culture

Answer 9

-patronized Zen Buddhism, the school of Buddhism associated with mediation and mind to mind transmission of truth
-permeated the arts to which the silver pavilion was built that epitomizes zen austerity built by yoshimasa. also developmental in the tea ceremony where misshapen pots and cups, monochrome paints, and asymmetrical flower arrangements were welcomed
- had no theater where it organized in popular forms of entertainment. included comical skits and dances directed to gods. zeami turned it into a high art where it was on a bare stage with a pine tree painted across the backdrop. one or two actors wore broke robes performed by using gestures and stances. actors were. accompanied by chorus of musicians playing. drums or flutes. performed convened emotions such as gestures , stances, and dress. stories consisted ghosts consumed of revenge or passion

Question 10

toyotmi Hideyoshi

Answer 10

Peasant’s son that rose to power through military talent. Sooth daimyo with lands and military positions but made them swear allegiance and obey him. made sure peasants could don’t rise to power like him by collecting weapons from farmer, no longer allowing the wear swords. prohibited samurais from leaving their lord’s service or occupation. to improve tax collection, order a survey of the entire country that tied each peasant house hold to the land

Question 11

tokugta shogunate

Answer 11

-worked to have peace with the daimyo
-the peace would bring a stay rise in the population
-to maintain stability they froze social status
-daimyo was prohibited from moving troops outside frontiers, making alliances, and coining money
-samurai and peasants were kept apart
-samurai could carry swords, but prohibited from owning land. they had to live in castles and depend on their lord, daimyo, for money.
-merchants and artisans hand to live in towns and could not own land

Question 12

Ieyasu

Answer 12

strongest regent. set up the alternative residence system where lord were Compelled to live in Edo every other year to leave their wives and sons, basically as hostages.

Question 13

Matteo Ricci

Answer 13

-studied in Macao before setting himself in Nanjing and trying to win over members of the education
-given permission to reside in beijing where he made several conversions
-educated Chinese in western geography, astronomy, and euclidean mathematics
-believed hat confucianism was compatible with christianity

Question 14

Abbe Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes & What is the Third estate

Answer 14

argued that nobility was a a tiny overprivileged minority and that commoners constituted the true strength of French nation

Question 15

Edmund Burke & Reflections on the Revolution in France

Answer 15

-one of the greatest expressions of European conservatism
-derided abstract principles of liberty and rights and insisted on the importance of inherited traditions and privileges asa bastion of social stability

Question 16

George Stephenson & The Rocket

Answer 16

a locomotive that sped town the track of the Liverpool and Manchester railway at a speed of 35 miles per hour

Question 17

Thomas Malthus & Essay on the Principle of Population

Answer 17

• argued that population would always tend to grow faster than the food supply
  -concluded the only way to hope was warding off positive checks to population growth such as war, famine, and disease was the “prudential element”
• young men and women had to limit the growth of population by marrying late in life; not to optimistic sense powerful attraction of sexes caused more people to marry early and have many children