Nineteenth Century Japan

Question 1

Who was Commodore Matthew Perry of the United States?

Answer 1

forced is way into Edo Bay (Tokyo) with a fleet ships

Question 2

What did Commodore Matthew want?

Answer 2

• he wanted diplomatic negotiations with the Japanese emperor
  
  • actions brought japan’s relations with the West into sharp focus
  • Members of Japan’s warrior class called the samurai encouraged resistance but Japanese officals knew what happened in China

Question 3

What was the treaty of Kanagwa?

Answer 3

• The treaty marked the beginning of the opening up of Japan to the West as other Western countries signed similar treaties establishing diplomatic relations
• opened up two port cities and allowed trade
• americans gained diplomatic relations in Japan
• It also allowed the opening of an American consulate in Japan

Question 4

Who was the Tokugawa Shogunate?

Answer 4

• took over the office of Shogun
  
  • they key office in the power structure of japan
  • military and political power

Question 5

Who was the shogun?

Answer 5

• he real ruler of japan
  
  • ruled in the emperor’s name
  • kept a close eye on the daimyo because they thought they would take the position

Question 6

Who was the Damiyo?

Answer 6

• feudal chieftain or lord
  
  • ruled over various territories of Japan

Question 7

Who were the Samurai?

Answer 7

warrior class/men-at-arms

Question 8

What was the alternate residence system?

Answer 8

the damiyo had to live at Edo at the court of the Shogun every other year

Question 9

Who was Francis Xavier?

Answer 9

first missionary in Japan on the island of Kyushu, converted a large number of people to christianity

Question 10

What is the significant one the dutch in nagasaki?

Answer 10

they were the only kept in Japan after Japan became decided on non-intercourse with the world

Question 11

What was extraterritoriality in Japan?

Answer 11

americans and europeans are not subject to Japanese law

Question 12

What would the daimyo do after being tired of humiliation?

Answer 12

• lead a coup that would be called the meiji oligarchs that would do reforms along modern western lines
  
  • restored the emperor to direct rule, pinnacle of power: which was called the meiji emperor
    
    • meiji oligarchs however were still the ones pulling the strings
    • moved the emperor of to tokyo castle
  • known as the meiji restoration

Question 13

what were the mini oligarchs main goal?

Answer 13

• convinced that the west depended on industrialization, constitutional, and a well trained army
• the japanese war cry: “strong army, rich nation”
  
  • got rid of anti-foreign

Question 14

Japan was the first non-western country to?

Answer 14

• country to adopt a constitutional form of government: based on the german constitutional monarchy
  
  • only 5% of men could vote
  • 2 houses in parliament
  • still an authoritarian regime
  • ultra-conservative

Question 15

What happened in the Russo-Japanese war

Answer 15

• conflicting interests in north of china due to the spheres of influences overlapping
• japan won

Question 16

What was the treaty of Portsmouth?

Answer 16

• ends the russo-japanese
• President theodore roosevelt set up this treaty
  
  • won the nobel peace price for this
• Russia surrendered the Port Arthur to China

Question 17

What did the Meiji oligarchs do?

Answer 17

• fact finding mission on the west to learn about the west to bring back to japan
  - equality before the law
  - established the an army using the prussian model
  - Japanese war college: got the ideas from germans
  - recruited germans officers to work
  - Universal conscription law: got this idea from france
  - a way to get the peasantry to understand the need for training in comeback
  - compulsory education for children: got the ideas from the american model & france
  - for boys & girls with a utilitarian curriculum