Nineteenth Century China Flashcards
What was the Qing Dynasty?
- set up by Manchus from Manchuria
- Qing thought they were superior to other cultures
- saw no need to modernize
- would eventually fall behind
- saw no need to modernize
What was the Qianlong Emperor?
made Guangzhou the only city that could declare trade with foreign merchants; would meet with George Macarnty who brought gifts for diplomatic relations, which is known as the George macartney mission
What did Daoguang Emperor do?
efforts to repair grand canal, which connected the agriculture south and capital of china, Beijing. it would be ordered to be repaired by the government embezzled the money causing the canal to never get fixed
Who and what did the British East India Company do?
they started shipping to china even though it was illegal in china, since they were mad that china had no open up after the George macartney mission
Who was Lin Zexu?
imperial commissioner that presided over the trade of opium. ordered 500 workers to destroy opium and that was stored in Guangzhou warehouses.
What did the General Assembly of the United Nations do?
- designation of June 26 as the annual international day against drug abuse and illicit trafficking
- did this in honor of Lin Zexu
How did Britain launch the First Opium War?
by capturing Nanjing
What as the Treaty of Nanjing and its supplementary agreement?
- opened up several chinese ports beyond Guangzhou for international trade
- chinese had to pay a financial debt to britian
- china had to pay for the war britian imposed
- china seceded hong kong to the british
- british gained the right of extraterritoriality
- represents a mark of inferiority
- rights of british people to only answer to british rule only in all circumstances even though they’re in China
- most favored nation clause
What happened in the first phase of the second opium war?
- British wanted to extend their trading rights
- launches the Second Opium War
- french had also got involved
- both would attack guangzhou militarily
- launches the Second Opium War
What was the treaty of tientsin?
- ends the first phase of the second opium war
- chinese said did not agree with these provisions
What happens with the second phase of second opium war
it forced treaty Tientsin to be ratified to end the second opium world war;
- more opening ports of china
- deep travel into china
- religious liberty of christians in china
- the right of foreign vessels, including military vessels on the yangzi river
- china had to pay another financial debt
What was the taiping rebellion?
- heavy taxation was placed on the chinese in the 1850s
- grand canal was also being failed to be repaired
- decline in burecratic efficency
- peasant farmers were strugglin
-government found it hard to put down but were successful
Who was Hong Xiuquan
- thought he was Jesus’ younger brother
- Declared himself as the king of the heavenly kingdom of great piece
- sent by god to turn china around
- wanted to create utopian society
- one based on equality of men and women and land holdings
-leader of the taipan rebellion
- one based on equality of men and women and land holdings
Who was Tzu Husi?
- dowager Empress
- built a system of allies and informers
- helped her crush internal revolts
- did bring order to china
- followed traditional and customs
- would eventually come out to modernize
What would happen in the First-Sino Japanese war?
- fought between japan and china
- japan was going through a huge wester modernization
- industrilation and military powers
- they would face China over korea
- Japan would win over China and aim for peace
- japan was going through a huge wester modernization
