Wonder Drugs and LSD part 2 Flashcards
What are the “two arms” of LSD?
1) Empathy of individual with hallucinations
2) Addictions treatment
Who believed that alcoholism is a disease?
E.M. Jellinek
What was Bill W the co-founder of?
A.A.
What is step 2 of the 12 step program of Bill W. and A.A?
“Four our Group purposes there is but one ultimate authority–a loving God as He may express Himself in our Group conscience.”
Is the 12 step program medical?
non-medical
Who cured alcoholism as a disease? What did they use?
- Humphry Osmond and Abram Hoffer
- LSD
What was the result of curing alcoholism with LSK?
Strong endorsement in medical literature for LSD treatments
What was the success rate for LSD treatment?
Claim success rates from 30 to 90% with 2 year follow-up studies.
What revealed sustained sobriety?
treatments with former patients
What did the critics of psychedelic therapy argue (4 points)?
1) experiments lacked scientific basis
2) no proof of medicinal value
3) negative side effects outweighed any benefits
4) LSD is dangerous–black market, hard to trace
What were the negative side effects of psychedelic therapy?
- flashbacks
- self-destructive behaviour
- loss of memory
What were 3 people who supported LSD therapy?
1) Tommy Douglas
2) Temperance Reformers
3) Churches like the spiritual elements
What showed the dangers of LSD to the public?
Hundreds of media
Who was Timothy Leary?
Harvard psychologist
What did Leary use LSD for?
LSD experiments for ‘inner freedom’
-CIA and LSD as a truth serum
What did Leary argue about drugs?
That they should be decriminalized, free to use.
Why was Leary fired from Harvard in 1962?
For ‘unethical’ experiments with mushrooms and LSD
What is counterculture?
Rebellious middle-class youth movement
What did counterculture see LSD as?
Responsible for anti-establishment values, anti-Viet Nam war protests, etc.
Who blamed LSD for anti-patriotism?
President Nixon
What did counterculture challenge?
Cultural conception of ‘normal’
-family, lifestyle, society, authority
What was counterculture fuelled by?
By popular culture: intellectuals, artists, musicians
How did LSD have an effect on counterculture?
LSD is now used for arts, no longer just medicine.
Who is known for the effect that LSD has on counterculture?
Ken Kesey
Who is Ken Kesey (3 points)?
1) Author of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1962)
2) Stanford University student
3) Volunteered for LSD treatment
What did Kesey argue?
That LSD is the secret for bettering America
What are the three parts to the psychedelic renaissance?
- PTSD
- Addictions
- Palliative Care
Why use drugs to treat illnesses?
- Less invasive than somatic therapies
- Seem more sophisticated
- Profits?
- Democratic?
What are the 7 forces that led to the rise of psychopharmacology?
- ineffectiveness in existing treatments
- scientific curiosity
- quest for professional legitimacy
- profits
- desire for a ‘magic bullet’
- destigmatization through medicalization
- economic concerns
what are the 3 consequences of psychopharmacology?
- ‘cosmetic psychopharm’?
- rise of drug-seeking in patients
- desire to use drugs to combat unhappiness and social maladjustment
