Lecture 10: Doctors, Science and Patients Flashcards
Who is Wilder Penfield? What did he do?
Neurosurgeon inMontreal, mapped the brain ins search of the scientific basis for the human soul.
What was the rise in brain dissections due to?
- large patient populations
- you’ve got overcrowding and abandoned bodies
- overcrowding provided large populations for observation and bodies for experiments.
What was cerebral localization?
tendency to look for lesions in the brain with the 19the century craze for studying parts of the brain under microscope to see the brain as a place where mental diseases existed.
What were 6 somatic (bodily) therapies?
- Hydrotherapy
- Malaria fever therapy
- Insulin coma therapy
- Metrazol/cardiazol convulsion therapy
- Electroconvulsive therapy
- Psychosurgery
What are the two types of hydrotherapy?
- the back
2. shock treatment (spray therapy)
When was hydrotherapy implemented in Canada?
1900-1910
Was was the bath with hydrotherapy?
soaking and ‘continuous baths’ used to calm agitated and aggressive patients.
What was hydrotherapy as shock treatment?
- shock by spraying
- immediate impact of relief by no long-term reduction in symptoms
- sometimes used as punishment
Who invented fever therapy?
‘invented’ by Julius Wagner-Jauregg, an Austrian psychiatrist, in 1883
What did Wagner-Jauregg suggest a relationship between? Explain.
- a relationship between ‘fever’ and psychosis
- fever would reduce psychosis
- when people got other illnesses, they would observe that fevers reduced mental symptoms
When was malaria therapy instituted?
1917
What happened with malaria therapy?
injected patient with malaria-infected blood to produce fever
Who invested malaria therapy?
Wagner-Jauregg
What did Wagner-Jauregg receive for malaria therapy in 1927?
The Novel Prize
How did Wagner-Jauregg discover malaria therapy?
One of his patients was a soldier suffering form shell shock who also contracted malaria. WJ took some of his soldier’s malaria infected blood and injected it into one of his patients with near-syphillis. After sever attacks of fever, the patient’s psychotic symptoms subsided.
What did malaria fever therapy reinforce?
Reinforced that made this was a medical problem, not behavioural.
When was insulin discovered and by whom?
Insulin was discovered in 1922 by Banting and Best.
Where was insulin discovered?
In Canada
How did insulin therapy work? What were they given rouse them from their comas?
Insulin causes the muscles to take up glucose from the blood if too much glucose is withdrawn, the patients will go into a hypoglycaemic coma. The com seemed to have therapeutic benefits that relieved patients of some their symptoms. They were given a sugar solution to rouse them from their coma.
When did insulin coma therapy become a treatment modality?
In the 1920s
