Cosmetic Surgery Flashcards
How is beauty largely defined?
It’s heavily influenced by what we think we should look like in order to be attractive, and how we think our bodies should “perform.”
What does the growth of the beauty/health industry promote?
Reinforces that this is a money making pursuit
What is cosmetic surgery a branch of?
plastic surgery
What do plastic surgeons remain?
- congenital malformations (cleft lip and palate, etc.)
- disfiguring wounds
- animals bites
- burn injuries
- perform reconstructions after surgeries for chronic and/or malignant conditions
What is cosmetic surgery?
Is largely elective and designed to augment “normal” appearance.
What is the difference between plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery?
Plastic surgery is reconstructing something that was already there. Bring to a standard of normal. Cosmetic surgery is for enhancement.
What is cosmetic surgery concerned with?
The correction, restoration, or enhancement of the body.
What does the history of cosmetic surgery date back to?
It has a history dating back to the 6th century in India.
Plastic surgery is the___and is___.
Cosmetic surgery is the___and is___.
- minority
- corrective
- majority
- elective
What was the struggle between doctors and patients over cosmetic surgery?
Doctors wanted power and control, to only perform surgery for medical reasons, while patients wanted to alter their appearance as they saw fit, without much regard for the usual standards of medical necessity.
When did a Hindu surgeon reconstruct a nose using a piece of cheek?
600 BC
When did rhinoplasty become common? Why?
- 1000 AD
- Due to common practice of cutting off noses and upper lips of enemies.
Who is “the father of plastic surgery”?
Gaspare Tagliacozzi
What is Tagliacozzi known for? When?
- Reconstructs noses slashed off during duels by transferring flaps of upper arm skin
- 16th century
- Also used to reconstruct “saddle nose” deformity of congenital syphilis
What were the 2 factors leading to nose reconstruction in 600 BC?
1) About concealing being unwell or moral corruption because 3rd stage syphilis produced ulcers on skin, appeared on nose
2) Punishments where edge of nose was removed
Who and when was the term plastic surgery coined? What did it come from?
- Pierre Desault
- 1798
- From the Greek “plastikos,” fit for moulding
What developments in the 19th century make plastic surgery safer?
- developments and anesthesia and antisepsis
- techniques improve
What happened in the two world wars that applied to plastic surgery?
Skills developed during the world wars and applied to victims of birth defects and automobile and industry accidents.
What 3 things all increased the popularity of cosmetic surgery after the world wars?
- Eugenics movement
- Post-WWII prosperity
- Rise of movies/TV
When was the first modern rhinoplasty?
1923
When was the first public facelift?
1931