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Spring 2013 / Herbs 1 > WK9 - Syndromes, S/Sx > Flashcards

WK9 - Syndromes, S/Sx Flashcards

0
Q

Herbs that Cool and Transform Phlegm Heat are focused on phlegm in which part of the body?

A
  • mainly upper jiao / respiratory (LU)

- also digestive tract (SP/ST)

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1
Q

Herbs that Cool and Transform Phlegm Heat treat what kinds of SX?

A
  • Treat Phlegm Heat and Dry Phlegm

- SX: cough, scrofula, goiter, convulsions, mania (kuang - phlegm misting the mind or blocking the Heart)

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2
Q

What is the difference between substantial and insubstantial phlegm?

A
  • Substantial phlegm is visible; what you cough up (e.g. sputum)
  • Insubstantial phlegm is invisible (e.g. psycho-emotional disorders)
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3
Q

What is the difference between dampness & phlegm?

A
  • Dampness is the accumulation or turbidity of fluids due to organs like LU, SP, KD & UB not functioning properly
  • Phlegm is the thickening of fluids
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4
Q

What are the phlegm formation patterns (or underlying conditions) that give rise to phlegm?

A

1) SP Qi or Yang Deficiency (SP not transforming fluids)
2) Heat or Cold (drying out and thickening fluids, or congealing fluids)
3) KD Qi or Yang Deficiency (affects distribution of fluids)
4) LV Qi Stagnation (wood overacting on earth)

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5
Q

What is meant by this saying?:

“Those who treat phlegm effectively do not treat the phlegm, but first treat the Qi.” (Zhu Zhen-Heng)

A

It is not enough to treat phlegm symptoms. In order to get rid of phlegm, need to diagnose the underlying pattern and treat the root cause.

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6
Q

What happens when you mix phlegm and heat together?

A

Vicious cycle where phlegm traps heat and heat further dries the phlegm, making it thicker and harder to treat.

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7
Q

What is an herb we’ve learned that Cools and Transforms Phlegm Heat? What are its key characteristics?

A

Qian Hu - Peucedani Radix:

  • directs Qi downward (helps phlegm w/ cough)
  • assists the dissemination of Lung Qi, thereby expelling external pathogens (treats wind-heat & may be used in formulas for releasing the exterior)
  • directs fire downward, thereby dissolving phlegm
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8
Q

Herbs that Warm and Transform Phlegm Cold treat what kind of sputum?

A

sputum may be white, possibly bubbly

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9
Q

Herbs that Warm and Transform Phlegm Cold are focused on Phlegm in which part of the body?

A

mostly upper jiao (LU)

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10
Q

What is an herb we’ve learned that Warms and Transforms Phlegm Cold? What are its key characteristics?

A

Zhi Ban Xia - Pineliae Rhizoma preparatum:

  • acrid for opening
  • slippery for directing Rebellious Qi
  • bitter for drying
  • best used for thin phlegm or dampness as well as Rebellious Stomach Qi (because it directs Qi downward)
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11
Q

What is goiter?

A
  • In biomedicine, goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland associated with low iodine levels. It manifests as swelling in the front of the neck.
  • In TCM, goiter manifests in the throat as phlegm. It has two forms: simple or toxic (nodules).
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12
Q

What is scrofula?

A
  • In biomedicine, scrofula is Tuberculosis infection of the lymph nodes in the neck.
  • In TCM, scrofula manifests in the throat as phlegm.
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13
Q

What are nodules?

A
  • nodules are dense manifestations of phlegm

- since they are dense, not all herbs can break them down

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14
Q

Which herb can treat nodules? Can it treat nodules anywhere in the body?

A
  • Zhi Ban Xia dissipates nodules and reduces clumps
  • it is used for nodules in the chest & neck (in the chest due to lingering phlegm; in the neck due to goiter & scrofula)
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15
Q

What are the etiologies of cough & wheezing?

A

The root cause is:

  • an External Pathogenic Factor
  • or, an Internal Pathogenic Factor (Excess or Deficiency)

Either EPF or IPF can lead to disruption of the dispersing & descending function of Lung Qi, and thereby the branch symptom of cough & wheezing.

16
Q

What is an herb we’ve learned that Relieves Cough & Wheezing? What are its key characteristics?

A

Xing Ren - Armenicae Semen:

  • directs the Lung Qi downward
  • disperses wind-cold
  • moistens the intestines (bc it’s a seed)
  • slightly toxic
17
Q

What are the general signs & symptoms of Food Stagnation?

A
  • fullness & distention in the stomach and abdomen (due to stagnation in the stomach)
  • belching, acid regurgitation, nausea & vomiting (due to counterflow)
  • irregular bowel movements (due to things not sorting well)
18
Q

What are the 2 types of Food Stagnation?

A
  • Hot types

- Cold types

19
Q

What are the signs & symptoms of Hot type Food Stagnation?

A
  • severe bad breath (ST heat)
  • a feeling of distention in the abdomen
  • a preference for cold food & beverages, and an aversion to hot ones
  • tongue coating: yellow, greasy
  • pulse: forceful, slippery (and probably also rapid)
20
Q

What are the signs & symptoms of Cold type Food Stagnation?

A
  • a brackish feeling in the throat
  • nausea & spitting up clear fluids
  • a feeling of distention in the abdomen
  • a preference for hot food & beverages, and an aversion to cold ones
  • tongue coating: white, greasy
  • pulse: thin & weak (indicating deficiency – usu. SP Qi or SP Yang Deficiency)
21
Q

What is the etiology of Cold type Food Stagnation? Can the Cold type be excess or deficiency?

A

Causes:

1) SP & ST deficiency
2) ingesting too much cold food

Therefore yes, can be due to deficiency or excess.

22
Q

What is Food Accumulation?

A
  • an accumulation is a disorder characterized by an abdominal mass, distention and/or pain
  • it is often caused by an emotional disturbance which results in stagnant qi or blood
  • but can also arise from improper dietary habits, phlegm, or hot & cold disorders
  • food accumulation tends to be chronic and severe
23
Q

What is the difference between Food Stagnation & Food Accumulation? How do the treatments for them differ?

A
  • Food Stagnation – acute, mild; treatment focuses on reducing or resolving, and then guiding out via the middle jiao
  • Food Accumulation – chronic, severe; treatment involves purging (e.g. Da Huang)
24
Q

How do herbs that Relieve Food Stagnation treat food stagnation?

A

Treatment focuses on reducing or resolving, and then guiding out via the middle jiao:

  • harmonize the middle jiao
  • promote digestion
  • eliminate food stagnation
25
Q

Why are herbs that Relieve Food Stagnation often combined with Qi Regulators?

A

in order to move Qi

26
Q

T or F: Different herbs treat different types of food stagnation (i.e. meat, starch, etc.)

A

True

28
Q

What are bulging disorders (aka Shan)?

A
  • Mostly hernias; dropping or protruding through of an organ into a foreign cavity (e.g. inguinal hernia).
  • LV channel runs from big toe through yin side of leg, through inguinal region to the hypochondrium. Therefore LV channel herbs are used for bulging disorders.
29
Q

Which herb can be used for bulging disorders?

A

Shan Zha - Crataegi Fructus (Hawthorne Berry)

32
Q

What is an herb we’ve learned that Relieves Food Stagnation? What are its key characteristics?

A

Shan Zha - Crataegi Fructus (Hawthorne Berry):

  • reduces food stagnation, esp. from meat & greasy foods
  • invigorates the blood flow
  • alleviates diarrhea & dysentery (needs to be charred)

Spring 2013 / Herbs 1 (49 decks)

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