week 1 - history of herb lecture

Question 1

cortex

Answer 1

pi

bark, peel, skin

Question 2

flos

Answer 2

hua

flower

Question 3

folium

Answer 3

ye

leaf

Question 4

fructus / semen

Answer 4

zi / ren

fruit, seed, nut, pit

Question 5

herba

Answer 5

cao

plant, herb, grass (entire above ground)

Question 6

lignum

Answer 6

mu

wood

Question 7

os

Answer 7

gu

bone

Question 8

pericarpium

Answer 8

pi

peel, husk, skin

Question 9

radix

Answer 9

ben / gen

root

Question 10

radice(s)

Answer 10

ben / gen

roots

Question 11

ramulus

Answer 11

zhi

small branch, twig

Question 12

rhizoma

Answer 12

ben / gen

mass of roots, underground part of plant (sometimes it grows horizontal on the ground)

Question 13

caulis

Answer 13

teng

stalk, stem, vine

Question 14

did Huang Di actually author the Huang Di Nei Jing? did Shen Non author Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing?

Answer 14

no, Huang Di and Shen Nong are mythical figures/Emperors who lived centuries before the emergence of the classic texts that are attributed to them

Huang Di (2689 BC), Shen Nong (2720 BC)

Question 15

what dynasty are Confucius and Lao Tzu associated with?

Answer 15

Zhou Dynasty

Question 16

What classic texts emerged in the Han Dynasty (3)?

Answer 16

• Wu Shi Er Bing Fang (Prescriptions for 51 Ailments)
• Shen Non Ben Cao Jing (Divine Husbandman’s Classic of the Materia Medica)
• Shang Han Za Bing Lun (Discourse on Fevers and Misc Illnesses) by Zhang Zhong Jing

Question 17

what texts emerged in the Tang Dynasty?

Answer 17

• Qian Jin Yao Fang (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies) by Sun Si Miao
• Qian Jin Yi Fang (A Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) by Sun Si Miao
• Tang Ben Cao by Su Jing and 23 others, issued by the Tang government

Question 18

what texts emerged in the Ming Dynasty?

Answer 18

• Ben Cao Gang Mu (Great Pharmacopeia or Materia Medica) by Li Shi-Zhen
• Wen Bing Xue (Warm Disease School) in the Ming/Qing Dynasties

Question 19

what 2 theoretical principles arise from Huang Di Nei Jing?

Answer 19

1. yin / yang

2. 5 phases

Question 20

how many herbal prescriptions and individual herbs were in Huang Di Nei Jing?

Answer 20

12 prescriptions and 8 individual herbs

Question 21

Shen Nong is said to have tasted how many herbs?

Answer 21

100 herbs

Question 22

what is the translation of Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing?

Answer 22

Divine Husbandman’s Classic of the Materia Medica

Question 23

what are the 3 categories of Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing

Answer 23

1. Superior Category (non-toxic and contains invigorating effects to preserve vitality or prolong life)
2. Intermediate (120 listed, prevent illness and restore vitality, sometimes toxic)
3. Inferior (125, toxic side effects, uses for therapeutic purposes to treat diseases)

Question 24

how many herbal entries in Shen Nong Ben Cao?

Answer 24

365

• 252 plant
• 67 animals
• 46 minerals

Question 25

who is the author of Shang Han Za Bing Lun?

Answer 25

Zhang Zhong Jing (Zhang Ji) famous herbal doctor of Tang Dynasty considered 'sage of medicine'

Question 26

translation of Shang Han Za Bing Lun?

Answer 26

Discourse of Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Illnesses | also called Discourse on Fevers & Misc Illnesses

Question 27

what was the primary theoretical principle of Shang Han Za Bing Lun? (this is how the chapters are divided)

Answer 27

6 channel theory Tai Yang Shao Yang Yang Ming Tai Yin Shao Yin Jue Yin

Question 28

Shang Han Za Bing Lun is divided into what 2 books?

Answer 28

1. Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Induced Disorders) 2. Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essential Treasures from the Golden Cabinet)

Question 29

what is the primary disease factor in Shang Han Za Bing Lun?

Answer 29

cold (or absence of yang) and how it causes yin-yang disharmony at various stages

Question 30

Who was Sun Si-Miao?

Answer 30

a famous doctor of Tang Dynasty

Question 31

Sun Si-Miao wrote which texts?

Answer 31

1. Qian Jin Yao Fang (Prescription Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies or Precious Prescriptions for Emergences) 2. Qian Jin Yi Fang (A Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold...)

Question 32

Who was Li Shi-Zhen?

Answer 32

Physician to Imperial Medical Academy of Ming Dynasty Father of Modern Chinese Herbal Medicine

Question 33

Li Shi-Zhen wrote which text?

Answer 33

Ben Cao Gang Mu (Great Pharmacopeia / Compendium of the Materia Medica 1590)

Question 34

Which time period was Wen Bing Xue (Warm Disease School)?

Answer 34

Ming / Qing dynasty

Question 35

What are the 4 levels of disease?

Answer 35

1. wei (exterior heat disease) 2. qi (internal heat excess) 3. ying (deeper heat disease / nutritive) 4. xue (blood level - deepest level)

Question 36

what is the primary disease factor of Wen Bing Xue?

Answer 36

heat pathogens

Question 37

why is the primary disease factor in Wen Bing Xue (Ming/Qing Dynasty) so different from that which we see in the Han Dynasty when Zhang Zhong Jing wrote Shang Han Za Bing Lun?

Answer 37

1. geography | 2. quality of life

Question 38

what does "like treats like" mean? give an example

Answer 38

sometimes what an herb is (which part of plant / what type of substance) tells you what it does e. g. a small branch or twig might be used to treat small branches of the body, such as getting blood to the extremities e. g. shells and minerals, which are heavy and draw downward, are used to sedate