Week 4 - Lyndsay Flashcards
What are the 2 categories of herbs that Release the Exterior?
Warm Acrid - treat Wind Cold
Cool Acrid - treat Wind Heat
What are the general characteristics of herbs that Release the Exterior?
- tend to be pungent/spicy and acrid
- their functional qualities tend to be light and ascending
- often cooked for short periods of time
- many cause diaphoresis (sweating)
What are the most common EPF (external pathogenic factors) treated with herbs that Release the Exterior?
Wind Cold attack
Wind Heat Attack
Wind Damp Attack
Summerheat (wind/damp/heat)
What are the 2 different types of Tai Yang Channel Syndromes and their alternate names?
Tai Yang Syndromes (UB & SI channels): > Cold - Tai Yang Excess - Wind Cold Excess > Wind - Tai Yang Deficiency - Wind Cold Deficiency - Wind Strike
[for now, be familiar with these terms]
What channel syndromes can be treated with herbs that Release the Exterior?
Tai Yang Syndrome (UB & SI channels)
What is the most superficial of the Six Channels?
Tai Yang Channel:
- UB (Foot Tai Yang)
- SI (Arm Tai Yang)
What is the most superficial Zang organ?
Lung
- relation to Wei Qi
- disperses fluids to the surface
What are the 10 s/s (signs & symptoms) and characteristics of a Wind Cold Excess Pattern as given in the class slides?
- aversion to cold; put on extra clothes and don’t feel better
- fever (fighting the pathogen causes heat) & chills (chills predominant)
- floating tight pulse
- tongue: normal body; thin white coat
- no sweat (bc pores are on lockdown)
- contraction of Qi and Blood not circulating well
- general ache & body pain
- headache
- clear or white secretions
- no thirst
When a pattern is Wind Cold Excess… What does the word EXCESS refer to? And will this manifest in more or less obvious symptoms?
- Excess refers to the patient, not the pathogen. It states that the patient is Excess in relation to being Deficient.
- This will manifest in a greater more obvious amount of symptoms. Strong Patient (excess) + Strong Pathogen (wind) = Big Fight (more symptoms)
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, will a patient have an aversion or affinity to either hot or cold?
an aversion to cold
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, will a patient have alternating chills & fever, or chills & fever simultaneously?
Simultaneously
(simultaneous chills & fever indicates Tai Yang syndrome; whereas alternating chills & fever indicates Shao Yang syndrome)
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, what pulse will you detect?
Floating & Tight
- Wind pathogen is always a floating pulse - Tight because the body is locked down and not moving; trying to keep the wind pathogen in the external aspect of the body
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, what tongue body and coat will a patient have?
Normal body & thin white coat
Because tongue doesn’t not change as quickly as pulse
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, will a patient sweat?
No.
because the pores will be locked down tight to keep the pathogen in the external aspect of the body.
(No sweat is how you distinguish Wind Cold Excess from Wind Cold Deficiency)
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, what signs of pain will a patient have?
- general ache & body pains
- headache
- contraction of Qi & Blood not circulating well because of lockdown –> causing pain
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, will a patient have thirst?
No
In a Wind Cold Excess pattern, what color secretions will a patient have?
clear or white secretions
What herb functions should the herbs used to treat Wind Cold Excess have and why?
- use strong herbs to open the pores and let the evils out (bc patient is strong/excess, OK to use strong herbs)
- induce sweating to let the pathogenic influence out of the body
For treating Wind Cold Excess pattern, what treatment principle or category should the herbs have or belong to?
Treatment Principle: Release the Exterior
What are the 11 s/s (signs and symptoms) and characteristics of a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern as given in the class slides?
Because patient is Deficient, the patient’s Wei Qi is not as strong as in Excess pattern so the s/s appear less severe:
- aversion to wind
- chills & fever - chills predominant; fever less strong than in Excess pattern
- pain and aches (but less severe than Excess pattern)
- pathogen may go deeper into the muscle layer
- floating & moderate (weak) pulse
- tongue: body normal, thin white coat
- clear or white secretions
- sweating (pores open with loss of fluid & mild sweat)
- disharmony of yin and yang (ying and wei), leading to fluid loss
- edema (bc not enough yang to transform fluids)
- Yang Shui or Yang Edema
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, are you likely to see an aversion to wind that is more or less than in a Wind Cold Excess pattern?
A stronger aversion to wind
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, are you likely to see fever and chills, and how do they compare to a Wind Cold Excess pattern?
Yes, but the fever will be less as the body can’t fight as strongly. Chills will be predominant.
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, where does the pathogen reside, in the exterior or in the muscle layer?
in the muscle layer
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, what pulse will you see?
Floating & Moderate
- floating pulse because it is Wind - moderate as a bad translation from the Chinese. More accurately it is LESS TIGHT than in a Wind Cold Excess pattern.
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, will you see aches and pains?
yes, but not so severe
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, what is the tongue body and coat?
normal tongue
thin, white coat
In a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern, what color secretions will you see?
clear or white
What herb functions should the herbs used to treat Wind Cold deficiency have and why?
- herbs that are not as strong because the patient is weaker and you don’t want to disperse and sweat too much
- herbs that stabilize the exterior to dispel the pathogen
- herbs that Harmonize Ying and Wei (to fix the functional problem that allowed this to be a deficiency instead of an excess to begin with)
Does Edema develop in a Wind Cold Deficiency Pattern or a Wind Cold Excess Pattern? What kind of Edema?
Edema can form in a Wind Cold Deficiency pattern.
Lung Qi dysfunction (from wind attack) can lead to Yang Shui or Yang Edema.
What is a Yang Shui?
Yang Edema (or Yang Shui) is facial edema, swelling in the upper eye area.
If unresolved it will travel down the body.
It manifests from Lung Qi Dysfunction.
What other (besides Wind Cold Deficiency and Excess patterns) conditions are Release the Exterior herbs appropriate for?
> Cough and Asthma
- occurring when Lung Qi cannot disperse
- if cough and/or asthma is due to wind/cold attack
Bi Syndromes
- joint syndromes, Rheumatism, Arthritis
- either wind, cold, or damp will be predominant:
if Wind - pain travels
if Cold - fixed pain, very painful
if Damp - swollen, heavy body
Skin Conditions (more common with Wind Heat Conditions)
- to promote eruptions not yet suppurated or expressed (with measles) and let toxins out ASAP
- Carbuncles in initial stage
What is the Pin Yin spelling of Ephedrae Herba?
Ma Huang
What is the Latin name for Ma Huang?
Ephedrae Herba
What category does Ma Huang belong to?
Warm Acrid Release the Exterior
What channel(s) do(es) Ma Haung enter?
LU, UB
UB is Tai Yang - Ma Haung is used in treating Tai Yang Syndromes
What are Ma Huang’s properties? (taste and temperature)
- Acrid
- Slightly Bitter
- Warm
(Note that the Lung functions to disperse & descend. Acrid & bitter flavors tend to disperse & descend. Therefore Ma Huang restores lung function.)
What are Ma Huang’s 3 key shorthand characteristics?
- induces sweating (disperses)
- calms wheezing
- promotes urination (descends)
What are Ma Huang’s contraindications?
- spontaneous sweating from exterior deficiency
- night sweating from yin deficiency
- kidney deficiency asthma
- cannot use long term
- cannot use with hypertension
What is the 1st function of Ma Huang & accompanying indications?
- Induces sweating and releases the exterior (for patterns of wind-cold exterior excess - aka tai yang cold damage).
For chills, fever, headache, absence of sweating, tight & floating pulse (opens pores & interstices to release the exterior).
What is the 2nd function of Ma Huang & accompanying indications?
- Disseminates and facilitates the Lung Qi, calms wheezing, and stops coughing (for cough & wheezing due to wind-cold obstructing the lungs).
Encourages the Lung Qi to flow more easily and directs it downward.
What is the 3rd function of Ma Huang & accompanying indications?
- Promotes urination and reduces edema (by opening lung at the top).
Especially for edema that accompanies an exterior condition (in case of Yang Shui, open the Lung Qi and water can flow down).
What is the 4th function of Ma Huang & accompanying indications?
- Warms and disperses cold pathogens.
Useful for wind-damp painful obstruction and deep rooted toxic sores that have not expressed out yet (do NOT use Ma Huang after wind cold has expressed itself).
What are the two common preparations of Ma Huang?
- Sheng Ma Huang (raw)
- induces sweating
- Zhi Ma Huang (prepared with honey)
- stops cough & asthma due to wind cold invasion
- cannot be used for deficiency asthma!
What are the 4 functions of Ma Huang? (summarize)
- Induces sweating & releases the exterior
- Disseminates & facilitates the Lung Qi, calms wheezing, and stops coughing
- Promotes urination & reduces edema
- Warms & disperses cold pathogens
