PMR - Fx Flashcards
What are the key characteristics for San Qi - Notoginseng Radix?
· stops bleeding without causing blood stasis
· transforms blood stasis
· reduces swelling and stops pain
What are the contraindications of San Qi - Notoginseng Radix?
use with caution during pregnancy
What are the Fx of San Qi - Notoginseng Radix?
- stops bleeding and transforms blood stasis
- reduces swelling and alleviates pain
- effective in invigorating blood
What are the key characteristics of Lu Rong - Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum?
· fortifies the primal yang
· generates essence
· augments marrow
What are the contraindications of Lu Rong - Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum?
heat from yin def heat in the blood level phlegm heat in the lungs blazing stomach fire warm heat pathogen
What are the Fx of Lu Rong - Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum?
- tonifies the kidneys and fortifies yang
- warms the yang, regulates the penetrating and conception vessels, stabilizes the girdle vessel (Chong, Ren, Dai)
- tonifies the governing vessel (Du), augments the essence and blood, strengthens the sinews and bones
- tonifies and nourishes the qi and blood
What are the key characteristics of Mai Men Dong - Ophiopogonis Radix?
· nourishes the yin of ST SP HT LU
· clears heat
· quiets irritability
What are the contraindications of Mai Men Dong - Ophiopogonis Radix?
loose stool from SP def
turbid phlegm or thin mucus in the LU or ST
early stages of wind cold coughs
What are the Fx of Mai Men Dong - Ophiopogonis Radix?
- moisten LU and nourish yin
- augment ST yin and generate fluids
- moistens intestines
- clears the HT and eliminates irritability
What are the key characteristics of Shu Di Huang - Rehmanniae Radix Preparata?
· tonifies the blood
· enriches the yin
· generates essence
· augments the marrow
What are the Fx of Shu Di Huang - Rehmanniae Radix Preparata?
- tonifies the blood
- nourishes the yin
- strongly enriches the yin and relieves wasting and thirsting disorder
- nourishes the blood and tonifies the essence
What are the contraindications for Shu Di Huang - Rehmanniae Radix Preparata?
· qi stagnation and profuse phlegm · fullness and pain in the abdomen · reduced appetite · diarrhea * cloying and rich substance that really leads to stag of damp and impedes digestion
What are the key characteristics of Dang Gui - Angelicae Sinensis Radix?
· tonifies the blood
· invigorates the blood
· regulates menstruation
· alleviates pain
What are the contraindications of Dang Gui - Angelicae Sinensis Radix?
Diarrhea or abdominal fullness due to abundant dampness
What are the Fx of Dang Gui - Angelicae Sinensis Radix?
- tonifies blood and regulates menses
- invigorates and harmonizes the blood and disperses cold
- moistens the intestines and unblocks the bowels
- reduces swelling, expels pus, generates flesh and alleviates pain
- weakly treats cough
What are the key characteristics of Shan Zhu Yu - Cornii Fructus?
· augments the liver and kidneys
· secures the primal qi
· prevents abandonment
What are the Fx of Shan Zhu Yu - Cornii Fructus?
- stabilizes the KI and secures the essence
- stops excessive sweating and supports the collapsed
- tonifies and augments the LI and KI
- stabilizes the menses and stops bleeding
What are the contraindications of Shan Zhu Yu - Cornii Fructus?
· urinary pain and difficulty
· damp heat
What are the key characteristics of Zhi Fu Zi - Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata?
· revives devastated yang qi
· tonifies the fire at the gate of vitality
· guides the actions of other herbs into all 12 channels
· expels cold-damp painful obstruction
What are the Fx Zhi Fu Zi - Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata?
- revives the yang and rescues from rebellion
- warms the fire and assists the yang
- disperses cold, warms the channels, alleviates pain
What are the contraindication of Zhi Fu Zi - Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata?
· yin def and abundant yang
· true heat and false cold
· pregnancy
What are the key characteristics of Fu Ling - Poria?
· tonifies the SP
· eliminates dampness
· calms the heart spirit
What are the Fx of Fu Ling - Poria?
- promotes urination and leaches out dampness
- strengthens the SP and harmonizes the MJ
- quiets the HT and calms the spirit
What are the contraindications with Fu Ling - Poria?
· use w caution in those w yin def
· sunken SP Qi
· cold from def w spermatorrhea
Of Fu Ling and Chi Fu Ling; which one enters Qi level, which one enters blood level? Which one tonifies? Which one is better for eliminating water? which one is better for enriching the HT and Sp and calming the HT spirit?
Fu Ling:
· enters Qi level
· more strongly tonifies
· better for enriching the HT and SP and calming the HT spirit
Chi Fu Ling:
· enters blood level
· more facilitating
· better for eliminating water and dampness
Of Fu Ling Pi, Fu Shen and Chi Fu Ling: which one is stronger to promote urination? stronger to calm the spirit? stronger to clear heat?
· Fu Ling Pi - stronger to promote urination
· Fu Shen - stronger to calm the spirit
· Chi Fu Ling - stronger to clear heat
What are the key characteristics of Qian Hu - Peucedani Radix?
· directs Qi downward
· assists the dissemination of lung Qi, thereby expelling external pathogens
· directs fire downward, thereby dissolving phlegm
What are the Fx of Qian Hu - Peucedani Radix?
- directs qi downward and dispels phlegm
2. disperses and scatters wind-heat
What are the contraindications of Qian Hu - Peucedani Radix?
· cough due to fire from yin def
· cough and wheezing assoc w cold thin mucus
(bitter, draining, and dispersing herb)
What are the key characteristics of Zhi Ban Xia - Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum?
· acrid for opening
· slippery for directing rebellious qi downward
· bitter for drying
· best used for thin phlegm or dampness as well as rebellious ST qi
What are the Fx of Zhi Ban Xia - Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum?
- dries damp, transforms phlegm and causes rebellious qi to descend
- directs rebellious qi down and stops vomiting
- dissipates nodules and reduces clumps
What are the contraindications for Zhi Ban Xia - Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparata?
use w caution, if at all, with: · dry cough from yin def · sore throat from fire excess, · bleeding *toxic herb* use only prepared with ginger juice
What are the key characteristics of Chen Pi - Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium?
· promotes the flow of Qi
· dries dampness
What are the Fx of Chen Pi - Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium?
- regulates qi, adjusts the middle and relieves the diaphragm
- dries dampness and transforms phlegm
- helps prevent stagnation
What are the contraindications with Chen Pi - Citri Reticulate Pericarpium?
· use w caution w heat from excess
· unsuitable for dry cough due to qi or yin def
· long term use can injure primal qi
What are the key characteristics of Ren Shen - Ginseng Radix?
· powerfully tonifies the primal qi of the five organs
· nourishes the yin
· revives from collapse
· stops heavy bleeding
What are the Fx of Ren Shen - Ginseng Radix?
- powerfully tonifies the primal qi
- strengthens the Sp and tonifies the ST
- tonifies the LU and augments the qi
- generates fluids and stops thirst
- benefits the HT and calms the spirit
- stops heavy bleeding
- miscellaneous adjunctive effect
What are the contraindications for Ren Shen - Ginseng Radix?
· can contribute to retention of a pathogen, so careful use in cases where the external pathogen is clear
· steaming bone disorder
· bleeding due to heat in the blood
· ascendant LV yang or any condition due to fire from constraint
· do not take w caffeine or other stimulant
What are the key characteristics of Dang Shen - Codonopsis Radix?
· tonifies the middle burner
· augments the SP and LU qi
What are the Fx of Dang Shen - Codonopsis Radix?
- tonifies the middle burner and augments the qi
- tonifies the LU
- also used w herbs that release the exterior or drain downward when the presentation includes significant qi def
What are the contraindications for Dang Shen - Codonopsis Radix?
use w caution in cases w excess pathogens
What are the key characteristics of Tai Zi Shen - Pseudostellariae Radix?
tonifies the qi and yin, weakly
What are the Fx of Tai Zi Shen - Pseudostellariae Radix?
- strengthens the SP and augments the qi
2. generates fluids
What are the key characteristics of Bai Zhu - Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma?
· tonifies the SP qi
· dries dampness
· quiets the fetus
What are the Fx of Bai Zhu - atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma?
- tonifies the SP and augments the qi
- dries dampness and promotes water metabolism
- stabilizes the exterior and stops sweating
- calms the fetus
What are the contraindications for Bai Zhu - Atractylodis Macrocephalea Rhizoma?
· internal heat from yin def
· thirst from exhausted fluids
What are the key characteristics of Gan Cao - Glycyrrizae Radix?
· tonifies the Sp qi
· moistens the LU
· moderates urgency and toxicity
· drains fire
What are the Fx of Gan Cao - Glycyrizzae Radix?
- tonifies the SP and augments the qi
- moistens the LU and stops cough
- moderates spasms and alleviates pain (when combined w bai shao)
- clears heat and resolves fire toxicity
- antidote for a variety of toxic substances (int and ext)
- moderates and harmonizes the characteristics of other herbs
What are the contraindications for Gan Cao - Glycyrizzae Radix?
· those w distention and fullness of the chest and abdomen
· vomiting from overabundant dampness
· do not use in excess situation
What are the key characteristics of Shan Zha - Crataegi Fructus?
· reduces food stagnation, esp from meat and greasy foods
· invigorates the blood flow
· alleviates diarrhea and dysentery
What are the Fx of Shan Zha - Crataegi Fructus?
- reduces food stagnation and transforms accumulation
- transforms blood stasis and dissipates clumps
- stops diarrhea, particularly if charred
- used for hypertension
What are the contraindications of Shan Zha - Crataegi Fructus?
· caution w weakness or def of SP and ST
· large dosages are contraindicated during pregnancy as can lead to fetal death
What are the key characteristics of Xing Ren - Armeniacae Semen?
· directs the LU qi downward
· disperses wind cold
· moistens the intestines
· slightly toxic
What are the Fx of Xing Ren - Armeniacae Semen?
- stops cough and calms wheezing
2. moistens the intestines and unblocks the bowels
What are the contraindications for Xing Ren - Armeniacae Semen?
· do not use for cough due to yin def or general debility
· used cautiously, if at all, in infants and those w diarrhea
· because toxic - do not over dose
What are the key characteristics for Hou Po - Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex?
· regulates qi and directs it downward
· disperses fullness
· dries dampness
· reduces phlegm
What are the contraindications for Hou Po - Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex?
use w caution during pregnancy
What are the Fx of Hou Po - Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex?
- promotes the movement of qi in the middle burner and resolves stagnation
- promotes the movement of qi downward, dries dampness, transforms phlegm
- directs qi downward, reduces phlegm and clams wheezing
What are the key characteristics of Chuan Xiong - Chuanxiong Rhizoma?
· invigorates blood
· promotes the movement of Qi
· expels wind
· stops pain esp headaches
What are the Fx of Chuan Xiong - Chuanxiong Rhizoma?
- invigorates the blood and promotes the movement of qi
2. expels wind and alleviates pain
What are the contraindications for Chuan Xiong - Chuanxiong Rhizoma?
· caution w pregnancy or in those who bleed easily or have profuse menses
· do not use w fire from yin def or w a red, dry tongue and a dry mouth
What are the key characteristics of Chi Shao - Paeoniae Radix Rubra?
· invigorates the blood
· transforms stasis
· stops pain
· cools heat in the blood
What are the contraindications for Chi Shao - Paeoniae Radix Rubra?
use w caution in those w cold from def
What are the Fx of Chi Shao - Paeoniae Radix Rubra?
- invigorates the blood and dispels blood stasis
2. clears heat and cools the blood
What are the key characteristics of Gou Teng - Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis?
· drains liver heat
· settles liver wind
What are the Fx of Gou Teng - Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis?
- extinguishes wind and alleviates spasms
- drains liver heat and pacifies liver
- release the exterior
What are the contraindications of Gou Teng - Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis?
caution with:
· absence of wind-heat
· heat from excess
What are the key characteristics of She Xiang - Moschus?
· intensely aromatic to open all the orifices and awaken the spirit
· stops pain
· unblocks the channels and collaterals by invigorating the blood
What are the Fx of She Jiang - Moschus?
- vigorously opens the orifices, revives the spirit and unblocks closed disorders
- invigorates the blood, dissipates clumps, reduces swelling, alleviates pain
- hastens delivery and facilitates the downward passage of stillborns
What are the contraindications for She Xiang - Moschus?
· pregnancy
· in patterns of yin def w heat signs
· use caution w: significant allergies, hypertension, reduction of KI Fx
What are the key characteristics of Da Suan - Allii Sativi Bulbus?
· kills parasites · transforms meat and food stagnation · unblocks accumulations · promotes qi movement · expels cold-dampness
What are the Fx of Da Suan - Allii Sativi Bulbus?
- for hookworms and pinworms and in combination w other herbs, for other types of intestinal parasites *also tinea of the scalp
- disperses abscesses and reduces swelling
- resolves toxicity and kills parasites
- warms the stomach, strengthens the spleen, promotes the movement of qi, reduces stagnation, resolves toxicity
What are the contraindications for Da Suan - Allii Sativi Bulbus?
· yin def w heat signs
· do not apply long term topically - irritant of the skin
· do not ingest if there are problems of the mouth, tongue, throat
· during pregnancy, no topical application to the peri-anal area or enemas
What are the key characteristics of Long Gu - Fossilia Ossis Mastodi?
· calms with heaviness
· binds with astringency
· secures the normal qi
What are the Fx of Long Gu - Fossilia Ossis Mastodi?
- settles anxiety and calms the spirit
- calms liver, anchors and preserves floating yang
- prevents leakage of fluids
- used topically for chronic non healing sores and ulcers
What are the contraindications for Long Gu - Fossilia Ossis Mastodi?
· damp-heat
· externally contracted excess disorders
What are the key characteristics of Suan Zao Ren - Ziziphi Spinosae Semen?
· nourishes the heart yin and liver blood
· promotes sleep
· inhibits sweating
What are the Fx of Suan Zao Ren - Ziziphi Spinosae Semen?
- nourishes heart yin, augments liver blood, quiets spirit
2. prevents abnormal sweating
What are the contraindications for Suan Zao Ren - Ziziphi Spinosae Semen?
· severe diarrhea
· heat from excess
