wk 9 terms Flashcards
metacognition
Knowledge about our own thinking processes.
KWL
A strategy to guide reading and inquiry: Before—What do I already know? What do I want to know? After—What have I learned?
learning strategies
A special kind of procedural knowledge—knowing how to approach learning tasks.
Production deficiencies
Failing to activate a learning strategy—a production—when it is appropriate and useful to use the strategy.
Schema-driven problem solving
Recognizing a problem as a “disguised” version of an old problem for which one already has a solution.
Algorithm
Step-by-step procedure for solving a problem; prescription for solutions.
Heuristic
General strategy used in attempting to solve problems.
Means-ends analysis
Heuristic in which a goal is divided into subgoals.
Working backward strategy
Heuristic in which one starts with the goal and moves backward to solve the problem.
Analogical thinking
Heuristic in which one limits the search for solutions to situations that are similar to the one at hand.
verbalization
Putting your problem-solving plan and its logic into words.
Functional fixedness
Inability to use objects or tools in a new way.
Response set
Rigidity; the tendency to respond in the most familiar way.
Representativeness heuristic
Judging the likelihood of an event based on how well the events match your prototypes—what you think is representative of the category.
Availability heuristic
Judging the likelihood of an event based on what is available in your memory, assuming those easily remembered events are common.
