wk 12 terms

Question 1

intrinsic motivation

Answer 1

motivation associated with activities that are their own reward

Question 2

extrinsic motivation

Answer 2

motivation created by external factors such as rewards and punishments

Question 3

locus of causality

Answer 3

the location - internal or external - of the cause of behaviour

Question 4

humanistic interpretation

Answer 4

approach to motivation that emphasizes personal freedom, choice, self-determination, and striving for personal growth

Question 5

expectancy x value theories

Answer 5

explanations of motivation that emphasize individuals’ expectations for success combined with their valuing of the goal

ex. winning the lottery
- low expectancy (even though those who buy them have hopes)
- high value if they win, none if they lose

Question 6

sociocultural views of motivation

Answer 6

perspectives that emphasize participation, identities, and interpersonal relations within communities of practice

Question 7

legitimate peripheral participation

Answer 7

genuine involvement in the work of the group, even if your abilities are underdeveloped and contributions are small

Question 8

need for autonomy

Answer 8

the desire to have your own wishes, rather than external rewards or pressures, determine your actions

Question 9

cognitive evaluation theory

Answer 9

suggests that events affect motivation through the individual’s perception of the events as controlling behaviour or providing information

Question 10

goal orientations

Answer 10

patterns of beliefs about goals related to achievement in school

Question 11

mastery goals

Answer 11

a personal intention to improve abilities and learn, no matter how performance suffers

Question 12

performance goals

Answer 12

a personal intention to seem competent or perform well in the eyes of others

Question 13

social goals

Answer 13

a wide variety of needs and motives to be connected to others or part of a group

Question 14

epistemological (epistemic) beliefs

Answer 14

beliefs about the structure, stability, and certainty of knowledge, and how knowledge is best learned

Question 15

attribution theories

Answer 15

descriptions of how individuals’ explanations, justifications, and excuses influence their motivation and behaviour

Question 16

mastery-oriented students

Answer 16

students who focus on learning goals because they value achievement and see ability as improvable

Question 17

failure-avoiding students

Answer 17

students who avoid failure by sticking to what they know, by not taking risks, or by claiming not to care about their performance

Question 18

failure-accepting students

Answer 18

students who believe their failures are due to low ability and there is little they can do about it

Question 19

authentic task

Answer 19

tasks that have some connection to real-life problems the students will face outside of the classroom

Question 20

goal structure

Answer 20

the way students relate to others who are also working toward a particular goal