wk 4 terms

Question 1

general intelligence (g)

Answer 1

a general factor in cognitive ability, that is related in varying degrees to performance on all mental tests. (pg. 114)

Question 2

fluid intelligence

Answer 2

mental efficiency that is culture-free and nonverbal, and is grounded in brain development (pg. 114)

Question 3

crystallized intelligence

Answer 3

ability to apply culturally approved problem-solving methods. (pg. 115)

Question 4

Theory of multiple intelligences

Answer 4

In Gardner’s theory of intelligence, a person’s eight separate abilities: linguistic, musical, spatial, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist.

Question 5

Mental age

Answer 5

in intelligence testing: a score based on average abilities for that age group

Question 6

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 6

score comparing mental and chronological ages

Question 7

Flynn effect

Answer 7

the steady rise in IQ test scores because of better health, smaller families, increased complexity in the environment, and more and better schooling

Question 8

Learning disability

Answer 8

disorder which may affect the acquisition, organization, retention, understanding, of use of verbal or nonverbal information and affect learning; distinct from global intellectual disorders

Question 9

Learned helplessness

Answer 9

the expectation, based on previous experiences involving lack of control, that all of one’s efforts will lead to failure

Question 10

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 10

A neuro­developmental disorder characterized by pervasive and frequent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that get in the way of an individual’s daily life or typical development.

Question 11

Emotional and behavioural disorders

Answer 11

Behaviours or emotions that deviate so much from the norm that they interfere with the child’s own growth and development and/or the lives of others—inappropriate behaviours, unhappiness or depression, fears and anxieties, and trouble with relationships.

Question 12

Social and emotional learning (SEL)

Answer 12

the development of competencies for recognizing and managing emotions, developing care and concern for others, establishing positive relationships, making responsible decisions, and handling challenging situations effectively.

Question 13

Developmental disabilities

Answer 13

Significantly below-average intellectual and adaptive social behaviour evident before the ageof 18.

Question 14

Transition programming

Answer 14

Gradual preparation of exceptional students to move from high school into further education or training, employment, or community involvement.

Question 15

Autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Answer 15

Developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, and imaginative creativity, generally evident before age 3and ranging from mild to major.

Question 16

Inclusion

Answer 16

The practice of integrating exceptional students into regular education classrooms; the emphasis is on participation rather than placement.

Question 17

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Answer 17

Legislation that protects the rights of all Canadians and, in particular, Canadians who are members of minority groups, including Canadians with disabilities.

Question 18

Least restrictive placement

Answer 18

The practice of placing exceptional students in the most regular educational settings possible while ensuring that they are successful and receive support appropriate to their special needs.

Question 19

Individualized education program (IEP)

Answer 19

Annually revised program for an exceptional student detailing present achievement level, goals, and strategies, drawn up by teachers, family members, specialists, and (if possible) the student.

Question 20

Universal designs for learning

Answer 20

Considering the needs of all users in the design of new tools, learning programs, or websites.