wk 7 terms

Question 1

operant conditioning

Answer 1

Learning in which voluntary behaviour is strengthened or weakened by consequences or antecedents

*Operants: voluntary (and generally goal-directed) behaviours emitted by a person or an animal

Question 2

antecedents

Answer 2

events that precede (happen before) an action

Question 3

consequences

Answer 3

events that follow an action

Question 4

reinforcement

Answer 4

use of consequences to strengthen behaviour

Question 5

positive reinforcement

Answer 5

strengthening behaviour by presenting a desired stimulus after the behaviour

Question 6

negative reinforcement

Answer 6

Strengthening behaviour by removing an aversive (irritating or unpleasant) stimulus when the behaviour occurs

Question 7

continuous reinforcement (schedule)

Answer 7

presenting a reinforcer after every appropriate response

Question 8

intermittent reinforcement (schedule)

Answer 8

presenting a reinforcer after some but not all responses

Question 9

cueing

Answer 9

providing a stimulus that “sets up” a desired behaviour

Question 10

prompt

Answer 10

a reminder that follows a cue to make sure the person reacts to the cue

Question 11

applied behaviour analysis

Answer 11

the application of behaviour learning principles to understand and change behaviour

Question 12

behaviour modification

Answer 12

systematic application of antecedents and consequences to change behaviour

Question 13

shaping

Answer 13

reinforcing each small step of progress toward a desired goal or behaviour

Question 14

successive approximations

Answer 14

small components that make up a complex behaviour

Question 15

task analysis

Answer 15

system for breaking down a task hierarchically into basic skills and subskills

Question 16

response cost

Answer 16

punishment by loss of reinforcers (time, tokens, money, etc.)

Question 17

social isolation

Answer 17

removal of a disruptive student for 5 to 10 minutes

Question 18

group consequences

Answer 18

rewards or punishments given to a class as a whole for adhering to or violating rules of conduct

Question 19

token reinforcement system

Answer 19

system in which tokens earned for academic work and positive classroom behaviour can be exchanged for some desired reward

Question 20

self-reinforcement

Answer 20

controlling your own reinforcers

ex. buying your own silly little treat after studying these cards :)