Wildland Flashcards
Interface
Condition where structures abut the wildland
- there is a clear line of demarcation
- usually identifies as housing tracts or development adjacent to wildland
- greater potential for house to house ignition
Intermix
A condition where structures are scattered throughout a wildland area
- no line of demarcation
- each structure must be assessed independently
- usually more complex to triage and defend
- usually requires a higher ratio of engine to structures
Safety zone
A preplanned are of sufficient size and suitable location that is expected to protect fore personnel from known hazards without using dire shelters.
Temporary refuse area
Tra
Area where firefighters can immediately take refuge for temporary shelter and short term relief without using a fire shelter in the event that emergency egress to est safety zone is compromised-
lee side of a structure/ inside a structure/ large parking lot or lawn/ cab of apparatus.
Often a tra is more accessible in the wui
Structure triage categories
Not threatened
Threatened defensible
Threatened nondefensible.
Structure triage- Not threatened
Safety zone and TRA are present and construction features or defensible space make it unlikely that the structure will ignite during initial fire front contact.
Structure triage - Threatened defensible
Safety zone and TRA are present And construction features lack of Defensible space, Or other challenges requires firefighters to implement structure defense tactics during fire front contact
Structure Triage- Threatened non-defensible
Either there is no safety zone or TRA present and or the structure has challenges that do not allow firefighters to safely commit to stay and protect the structure during fire front contact.
Structure triage considerations
- Forecasted fire behavior and intensity- the greater> the more defensible space required.
- safety zones should be identified based on forecasted behavior
- preplan tra
- is there adequate space to park apparatus based on forecasted behavior?
- lookout and communications
- structure position in the geography
- egress and escape routes intact
- power lines
- vegetation next to structure
- Water supply
- roof and siding materials? Eves? vents? Ember traps?
Structure defense
Equipment placement
Id escape routes/ safety zones and TRAs
Stay mobile and wear all ppe
Back in apparatus
Park in clear area
Protect equipment- park behind structure
Watch for hazards
Keep egress routes clear
Have engine/personnel defense line charged and ready
Avoid long hose lays
Try to keep sight contact with all personnel
Structure protection
Water use guidelines
Keep 100 gallons reserve tank
Top off tank every opportunity
- garden hose- draft from pool/ hot tub/ fish pond
Stay mobile
Conserve water avoid wetting down the area
Apply water only if it controls fire spread or reduces heating if the structure
Extinguish first at its lowest intensity, not when its flaring up.
Knock down fire in lighter fuels
Have enough water to last for the duration of the main heat wave.
Preparing a structure
Have residents leave
Place residents ladder to roof away from power drops
Shut off fuel source
Close window and doors leave unlocked
Remove combustibles from around house and scatter firewood
Construct fire line around outbuildings power poles and fuel tanks
Have harden hose ready.
Structure defense strategies
Ex coordinated direct attack with aircraft, dozers and crews
And indirect attack burning out along roads to create line
Structure defense tactics
The tactics must be capable of stopping the advance of the fire or preventing property damage and injuries to crews.
Check and go Prep and go Prep and defend Fire front following Bump and run Anchor and hold Tactical patrol
Check and go
-Structure threatened non defensible
-No TRA or safety zone and not enough time to take prep actions
-evaluate the structure for follow up action when additional resources become available, the fire front passes or fire behavior intensity is reduced.
Well suited for engine strike teams
