What is Physical Activity (lecture 1) Flashcards
Define PA?
any bodily movement produced by the skeletal muscles which requires energy expenditure
What are the DOH (2011) guidelines???
A) mod intensity for 150 mins and strength exercise for 2 or more days a week
B) vigorous intensity for 75 mins/week and the strength exercises
C) mix of both
What are the moderate intensity guidelines?
30 mins of moderate exercise on 5 or more days per week, which can be accumulated in 10 minute bouts
What did HSE (2008) find when looking at moderate intensity guidelines??
That 34% of individuals reported meeting the moderate intensity guidelines, however when accelerometers were implemented, only 5% met the guidelines. Shows self report bias.
What did Westerterp (2001) find?
Showed that sport can’t be played all day. Showed that only time spent in the moderate activity predicted ratio by which EE exceeded PAL (r=0.71)
What did Westerterp and Speakman (2008) find??
They looked at EE in mammals and found a positive correlation of (r=0.96) between Ln daily energy expenditure (kj) and Ln body mass (g)
What did Levine and Kotz (2005) produce?
showed that recurrent energetic costs comprised roughly 72% and consisted of BMR and thermic effect of food. Showed that the other 28% belongs to modifiable energetic costs consisting of NEAT
What did Levine et al (1999) find when they overfed humans?
Overfed them 1000kcals for 8 weeks and saw a mean weight gain of 4.7 kg. BMR increased (5%) and energy required to convert food (14%).
Key point is that the amount of change in NEAT predicted weight gain (r=0.77).
What did Levine et al (2008) find??
Overfed humans and found a positive correlation of (r=0.91) between minutes per day of walking and minutes per day they were ‘overfed’
Also showed that the additional weight reduced walking velocity (r=0.77)
