Physical Activity + Inflammatory Health (lecture 7)

Question 1

What is considered the master regulator of the acute (short) response?

Answer 1

the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1, results in various actions affecting the vascular, cns,metabolism etc

Question 2

What happens if acute inflammation is not dealt with?

Answer 2

The clearance and then replacement of the injurious stimuli must occur otherwise chronic inflammation will occur

Question 3

Difference between the acute inflammation seen in sepsis and exercise?

Answer 3

In sepsis, the presence of alpha-TNF occurs.

Question 4

Are the transient increases of inflammatory signaling the same in sepsis and exercise?

Answer 4

No, in sepsis the rise is more significant due to the alpha-TNF response occurring

Question 5

What does regular training do to the inflammatory response?

Answer 5

It reduces the baseline levels and also reduces the transient rise.

Be careful not to overtrain or chronic inflammatory response!

Question 6

In terms of inflammation, how are T1D and T2D described?

Answer 6

Chronic low grade inflammation (systemic inflammation)

Question 7

What happens to the IL-6 response in T2D patients

Answer 7

The transient rise is significantly higher

Question 8

What did Kelly et al (2011) find?

Answer 8

They showed that 12 weeks of regular PA reduces chronic inflammation in overweight patients with pre diabetes, but this benefit of activity may be reduced with high GI foods

Question 9

Explain the complications that could arise in Crohn’s disease?

Answer 9

Strictures - where scar tissue from inflammation has led to a narrow section of the intestine

Fistulas - abnormal channel connecting one organ to another or to outside the body

Question 10

Does Crohn’s do anything to eyes and joints?

Answer 10

Yes, episcleritis and osteoporosis/osteopenia can occur

Question 11

Can IBD be prevented? how can symptoms be managed?

Answer 11

No it can’t be prevented.

Managed by anti-inflammatory meds, antibiotics, gp check ups and regular colonoscopies

Question 12

PA and colitis, do they go together?

Answer 12

Yes, regular moderate intensity exercise can have positive effects however prolonged exercise can cause cramps, diarrhoea and gut inflammation due to mechanical trauma

Question 13

What did the study on inflammatory response in mice find?

Answer 13

In voluntary wheel running, colitis symptoms were alleviated and colonic inflammatory gene expression was reduced.
forced running augmented the symptoms (^IL-6 expression and mortality) probably due to sheer stress