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yr 9 history > What helped the struggle for equal rights in Britain in the 1960s for the LGBTQIA+ > Flashcards

What helped the struggle for equal rights in Britain in the 1960s for the LGBTQIA+ Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Section 28?

A
  • 1988 - 2003 a law was introduced by Margaret Thatcher’s government called Section 28
  • the law said it was against the law for teachers to” ‘promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship”
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2
Q

What did Section 28 lead to?

A
  • led to a wide range of protests
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3
Q

What did Section 28 lead to?

A
  • led to a wide range of protests
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4
Q

When was Section 28 repealed?

A
  • in 2003 Section 28 was repealed
  • in 2009, David Cameron, then-Leader of the Conservative party, formally apologised for his party’s introduction of the law, stating that it was a mistake and had been offensive to gay people
  • Cameron said that equality should be “embedded” in British schools
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5
Q

ow did people justify the creation of Section 28?

A
  • people said Section 28 was needed to protect children and maintain traditional, family morals - Baroness Knight argued this
  • AID’s was just starting 1966 - 1967, stereotype that gay men carried it to HIV and passed it to others through sexual intercourse
  • Baroness Knight hinted at correlation between pedophiles and gay men
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6
Q

How did Section 28 affect teachers and students?

A
  • teachers were hesitant and worried to talk about homosexuality as the word ‘promote’ was very vague - they weren’t able too support gay students if they wecebeing bullied as it might have been seen as a form of promotion, this isolated gay pupils and created barriers
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7
Q

How did Section 28 affect teachers and students?

A
  • teachers were hesitant and worried to talk about homosexuality as the word ‘promote’ was very vague - they weren’t able too support gay students if they wecebeing bullied as it might have been seen as a form of promotion, this isolated gay pupils and created barriers
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8
Q

How rights of the LGBTI+ community changed: 2400 BCE

A

Khnumhotep and Niankhkhum are believed to be t he first every recorded same sex couple - progressive

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9
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 538 - 330 BCE

A

the Book of Leviticus is written during this period and within the text it Staes the following: Chapter 18, Verses 22 - “If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall be put to death; their blood is upon them. - regressive

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10
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 54CE

A

Nero becomes Emperor of Rome. Nero marries two men, Pythagoras and Sporus. - progressive

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11
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 654

A

The Visigothic Kingdom criminalised homosexuality. This was the first European secular law to criminalise homosexuality. - regressive

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12
Q

How rights of the LGBTI+ community changed: 1179

A

The Third Lateran Council of Rome issues a decree for the exocommunication of homosexuals. - regressive

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13
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1533

A

Henry VIII passed a law making homosexuality in England and Wales illegal and punishable by death. - regressive

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14
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1795

A

Belgium decriminalised homosexuality. - progressive

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15
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1861

A

The Offences against the Persons Act 1861 is amended to remove the death sentence for homosexuality. The penalty became imprisonment from 10yrs to life. - regressive

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16
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1895

A

The Criminal Law Amendment Act made any male homosexual act illegal - whether or not a witness was present - meaning that even acts committed in private could be prosecuted. Often a letter expressing terms of affection between two men was all that was required to bring a prosecution. - regressive

17
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1930s

A

Between 5000 - 15000 homosexual men were sent to concentration camps in Nazi Germany. 65% of them died. - regressive

18
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1951

A

Roberta Cowell is the 1st known British trans woman to undergo reassignment surgery and get a new birth certificate. - progressive

19
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1964

A

The Formation of the North Western Homosexual Law Reform Committee (NWHLRC). This group worked to promote legal and social equality for lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. It is know known as the Campaign for Homosexual Equality. - progressive

20
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1967

A

The Sexual Offences Act decriminalises sex between two men over 21. However, homosexuality was still widely discriminated against. - progressive

21
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1969

A

The Stonewall Riots occurred in the USA. This was one of the most significant events in LGBTQIA+ history. Riots by LGBTQIA+ people were sparked after police raided the Stonewall inn, a famous gay bar in NYC. Activist groups formed as a result and the Stonewall Riots are now remembered as one of the most important catalysts for modern LGBTQIA+ movements worldwide. - progressive

22
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1970

A

The establishment of the London Gay Liberation Front. This freedom movement was formed after seeing the effects if GLF in the US. They sought to take their own actions for LGBTQIA+ rights. - progressive

23
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 1972

A

The GLF host the 1st London Pride event on the anniversary of the Stonewall Riots. Around 2000 people attended. Pride events now see millions of attendees marching to celebrate the LGBTQIA+ around the world. - progressive

24
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2000 - 2010

A

The news millennium saw huge steps forward for LGBTQIA+ rights. In rehear 2000, the ban on lesbian, gay and bisexual people serving in the army was lifted by the UK Government. In 2002, same sex couples in the UK received equal rights for adoption. Section 28 was repealed in 2003. - progressive

25
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2004

A

The Gender Recognition Act passed, which allows transgender people to fully and legally identify with their chosen gender, as well as acquire a new birth certificate, and the Civil Partnership Act 2004 allowed same-sex couples to legally enter into binding partnerships, similar to marriage. - progressive

26
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2013

A

The 1st Trans Pride event happens in Brighton. Around 450 people took part and it was said to be the 1st of its kind in Europe. London’s 1st Trans Pride march occurred in 2019 and saw more than 1,500 attendees. - progressive

27
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2014

A

The Marriage (same-sex couples) Act comes into effect in England and Wales, making same-sex marriage legal. Scotland followed suit later in the same year.

28
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2019

A

The World Health Organisation declassifies transgender health issues as a mental illness. Graeme Reid (LGBTQIA+ rights director at Human Rights Watch) said the changes would have a “liberating effect on transgender people worldwide.” - progressive

29
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2020

A

Same-sex marriage legalised in Norther Ireland. The first marriage ceremony occurred on 11th Feb 2020. - progressive

30
Q

How rights of the LGBTQ+ community changed: 2021

A

Although, against the law in the UK, prejudice and discrimination is still present against members of the LGBTQIA+ community and still formalised in some countries. In Iran and Saudi Arabia the death penalty exists for same sex intercourse. - regressive

31
Q

When and where were the Stonewall Riots

A

USA, NYC - June 28th 1969 - July 1st 1969

32
Q

What were the Stonewall Riots?

A
  • Stonewall was a gay bar in NY
  • homosexuality illegal at that time
  • bar owned by Mafia who payed police to pay blind eye to bar but overcharged on drinks and exploited customers threatening to out them
  • Stonewall was seen as a turning point as LGBTQIA+ community took the 1st public stand against oppressive laws towards their community

yr 9 history (31 decks)

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