How did the Nazis control Germany?

Question 1

What two methods did the Nazis used to control Germany?

Answer 1

• the Nazi methods on control can be grouped into terror and propaganda
• terror was a negative method of control - using force and fear whilst propaganda was a ‘positive’ method talking up the strengths if Nazism vs its enemies

Question 2

What % of the vote did Hitler get in 1930?

Answer 2

Hitler got 18% of vote in 1930

Question 3

What % of the vote did Hitler get in 1932?

Answer 3

Hitler got 32% of vote in 1932

Question 4

When did Pres. Hindenburg die?

Answer 4

Pres. Hindenburg died in August 1934

Question 5

What was the number of seats the Nazi party started of with in Parliament, in 1928, and 1938?

Answer 5

Nazis started of with only 12 seats in Parliament, 1928 - 16 seats in Parliament, 1938 - 180 seats in parliament

Question 6

Propaganda - Josef Goebbels

Answer 6

• Josef Goebbels - Minister for Enlightenment and Propaganda
• Goebbels was a journalist who Hitler was impressed with
• 1928 - appointed head of Nazi Ministry and Propaganda
• The Policy of Censorship allowed Goebbels to control the media and ensure Germans never heard conflicting messages
• newspapers and posters were monitored very closely and were issued withs strong and simple slogans about the Nazis
• Goebbels took control over mass media
• Goebbels gave order in 1938 for Kristallnacht
• Goebbels had a limp due to suffering from polio, however he told people it was from a war injury
• Goebbels joined Nazi party 1922 - 1st opposing Hitler but later supporting him
• Hitler’s book ‘Mein Kampf’ was the centre of the propaganda network

Question 7

Propaganda: The Nuremberg Rallies

Answer 7

• Goebbels organised rallies, marches, torchlit processions and meetings
• Nuremberg Rally was one of Hitler’s speeches - it created a sense of belonging and convinced other Germans to fully believe Hitler and showed power of state

Question 8

Propaganda: 1936 Olympics

Answer 8

• new stadium built which could hold 100000
• new facilities in Berlin to show Germany was civilised and successful
• games represented everything they valued about the Nais e.g. strength
• came top of medal table

Question 9

Terror: police state:

Answer 9

area in which police had full power to punish anyone who didn’t follow ideal

Question 10

Terror: SS and Gestapo

Answer 10

• SS number increases under Himmler’s leadership - SS used to terrorise citizens and hunt down any enemies of state
• 1939 - 162,000 imprisoned without any trial
• SS supported by Gestapo
• Gestapo used any method possible to find enemies of state e.g. spying, informers everywhere
• Hitler ensured courts controlled
• number of crimes punishable by death increased from 2 to 49

Question 11

Terror: concentration camps

Answer 11

• early CC’s were warehouses
• used for torture and re-education
• many died - families were sent notes that they died of diseases e.g. pneumonia
• wore badges to show why there were there:
  
  • yellow = Jews
  • purple = religious opponents
  • pink = ex offenders
  • black - disabled
  • blue = foreign forced labour
  • red triangle = political prisoners
• SS ran all concentration camps and caused The Holocaust

Question 12

Terror: Heinrich Himmler

Answer 12

• centre of terror network
• failed poultry farmer
• Himmler believed Hitler was the Messiah destined to lead Germany to greatness
• Hitler who was always vulnerable to flattery decided in Jan 1929 that Himmler should become the new leader of his personal bodyguard (private army), Shutzstaffel - SS
• in 1936 he was made head of all police forces in Germany