How has Gender Equality Developed in Britain? Flashcards
When was the first ever petition for Women’s Suffrage handed to Parliament?
1866 - the Fawcett Society, the first ever petition for Women’s Suffrage handed to Parliament
What are the 7 Strands of Gender Equality?
- Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health
- Violence against Women
- Home and Family
- Education
- Work
- Political Representation
- Women at the Top
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 1866
- abortion outlawed by the offences against the Person Act 1861
- consent set between 10-12
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 1877
Annie Besant and Charles Bradlough trialed for obscene libel for publishing book about contraceptives
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 1885
age of consent raised to 15
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 1961
- contraceptive pill became available on NHS
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 1967
Abortion Act gives women abortion rights within certain conditions
Reproductive Rights and Sexual Health: 2019
abortion and same sex marriage legalised in Northern Island
Violence against Women: 1866
- rape within marriage doesn’t exist
- a man owns his wife and children and can use force to control them
Violence against Women: 1891
the right to use corporal punishment on a wife is removed
Violence against Women: 1895
City of London bylaw makes it illegal to hit your wife between 10pm an 7am so you’re not too loud and don’t wake people up
Violence against Women: 1971
Refuge charity opens up 1st sage house, Chiswick, for women and children fleeing domestic abuse
Violence against Women: 1985
- Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985 makes female genital mutilation a crime
- The Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 and The Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act (Scotland) 2005 extended the legislation to cover acts committed by UK nationals outside the UK’s borders
Violence against Women: 2004
Domestic Violence, Crime, and Victims Act makes assault an arrest able offence
Violence against Women: 2014
Clare’s Law is introduced allowing police to disclose details of an abusive partner’s past
Violence against Women: 2016
- on average, 2 women a week killed each yr by a current or former male partner
- reported incidents of domestic violence have increased by 31% since 2013
- 137,000+ women in England and Wales are already living with the consequences of FGM
- 107,104 violence against women crimes are reported a yr
- violence against Muslims is increasing, with Muslim women particularly likely to be targeted
- Recl@im the Internet is establish to tackle misogony and sexism online
Home and Family: 1866
a married women and all she owns belongs to her husband
Home and Family: 1925
the Law of Property Act allows husband and wife to inherit property equally
Home and Family: 1945
child benefit of 5 shillings / week per child (Family Allowances Act)
Home and Family: 1986
Bastardy Act gives illegitimate + legitimate children same legal status
Home and Family: 2002
- homosexual unmarried partners allowed to adopt children
Education: 1869
1st women’s college, Girton College, Cambridge, founded by Emily Davies
Education: 1871
Newham College, Cambridge, co-founded by Millicent Fawcett
Education: 1878
- University of London becomes 1st UK university to accept men and women on equal terms
Education: 1880
4 women graduate from University of London
Education: 1993
equality in higher education enrolment reached
Work: 1888
- 1,400 women at Bryant and May go on strike for wages and working conditions
- Women’s Trade Union League secures 1st successful equal pay resolution at Trade Union Congress
Work: 1914-18
Women’s employment reaches 46-7%
Work: 1968
- Ford Dagenham strike - leads to Equal Pay Act 1970
Work: 1973
Women allowed to join London Stock Exchange
Work: 1975
Sex Discrimination Act makes it illegal to discriminate in work, education, and training
Work: 1999
Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment) Regulations make it illegal to discriminate against a transgender person
Women at the Top: 1865
Elizabeth Garrrett Anderson 1st Englishwoman to be openly recognised as a surgeon
Women at the Top: 1865
Elizabeth Garrrett Anderson 1st Englishwoman to be openly recognised as a surgeon
Women at the Top: 1922
Dr Ivy Williams 1st woman to be-called-awarded the degree of Dr of Civil Law
Women at the Top: 1929
Margaret Bonesfield becomes 1st British Female Cabinet Minister
Women at the Top: 1973
Sybil Phoenix is 1st black woman ti be given an MBE
Women at the Top: 2015
- Libby Lane - 1st female Bishop to C of E
- Bobbie Cheena - Grubb Q.C., 1st Asian woman to be a High Court Judge
- Major General Susan Ridge - 1st female Senior Office in the B.A.
Political Representation: 1907
women can be elected into borough and county councils and be elected mayor
Political Representation: 1918
- women 30+ with certain property qualifications can vote
- Constance Markievicz becomes 1st woman elected in Parliament
Political Representation: 1928
- women given universal suffrage ons are terms as men
Political Representation: 1958
- Life Peenages Act entitles women to sit in House of Lords
Political Representation: 1979
Margaret Thatcher 1st female PM
Political Representation: 2015
- Harbajan Kaur Dheer becomes 1st Asian women elected Mayor in Ealing
