Wet Lab 6 - Bony Parts Of The Foot Flashcards
What is the talus ?
Also know as ankle bone, it is an irregularly shaped bone which forms the link between the foot and the leg through the ankle joint.
What bony parts make up the talus ?
- trochlea
- head and neck
- sulcus tali
What does the trochlea join?
It joins the tibia (the trochlear surface and medial malleolus) and the fibula to from the ankle (talocrucal) joint
What does the head of the talus join
It joins the navicular bone
What surfaces does the head and the neck of the talus carry ?
Articulate surfaces for calcaneus
What does the sulcus tali form?
A groove with the sulcus calcanei to form the tarsal sinus
What ligament is within the tarsal sinus ?
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
What is the calcaneus ?
Also known as the heel bone, it is the largest of the foot bones that sits just below the talus.
What 2 bones does the calcaneus articulate with ?
- the talus
- cuboid bone
What joint does the calcaneus form by articulating with the talus
Subtalar joint
What joint does the calcaneus form by articulating with the cuboid bone?
Calcaneocuboid joint
What bones parts make up the calcaneus ?
- posterior surface
- anterior process
- medial and lateral processes
- sustentaculum tali
- sulcus calcanei
What attaches to the posterior surface?
Calcaneal tendon and the tendon of Plantaris
What does the anterior process join ?
The cuboid
What presses on the medial and lateral processes ?
The ground - they bear weight at your heel
What does the sustentaculum tali do?
It helps hold up the talus
What tendon does the sustentaculum tali have a groove under it for?
Flexor hallucis longus
What does the sulcus calcanei form a groove with ?
It forms a groove with the sulcus tali to form the tarsal sinus
What ligament is within the tarsal sinus ?
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
What is the sulcus calcanei a groove for?
It’s a groove for flexor hallucis longus
What surfaces are found on the sulcus calcanei ?
3 articulate surfaces for the talus
What is the navicular bone ?
an intermediate bone interposed between the distal and proximal row on the medial side
What is the role of the navicular bone ?
has an important role in the maintenance of the medial longitundinal arch of the foot
What inserts onto the tuberosity of the navicular bone?
Part of the Tibialis posterior
What is the cuboid bone ?
a short bone in the lateral part of the foot, located on the distal row of the tarsal bones.
What four bones of the foot does the cuboid articulate ?
the calcaneus posteriorly
the lateral cuneiform medially
the fourth metatarsal anteromedially
the fifth metatarsal anterolaterally
What is the cuboid groove for?
The tendon of Fibularis longus
What are cuneiform bones?
a set of three bones in the medial side of the foot that articulate with the navicular proximally and with the proximal surfaces of metatarsal 1-3 distally
What are the 3 cuneiforms ?
- medial cuneiform
- intermediate cuneiform
- lateral cuneiform
What are metatarsal bones?
a group of five long bones located in the metatarsus of the foot, between the tarsal bones (near the ankle) and the phalanges (toe bones)
Where is the base of the metatarsals?
At the proximal end of the bone
What does the metatarsal bases join?
The cuboid and cuneiforms
Which metatarsal base projects more proximally than the others ?
The 2nd
Where is the head of the metatarsals?
At the distal end of the bone
What does the metatarsal head join?
The proximal phalanx to form the MTP (metatarsophalangeal) joint
What inserts onto the styloid process of the 5th metatarsal ?
Fibularis brevis and Fibularis tertius inserts just distal to it
What are phalanges of the foot?
They are long bones in the foot located distal to the metatarsals. Like in the hand, each toe consists of three phalanges, which are named the proximal, middle and distal phalanges.
What do the phalanges consist of?
consists of a proximal base, a shaft and a distal head
