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Functional Antatomy - Sem 1 > Wet Lab 4 - Hip Joint And Thigh > Flashcards

Wet Lab 4 - Hip Joint And Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the hip joint synonymous with?

A

Coxofemoral joint

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2
Q

What is the line running downward from the lesser trochanter ?

A

Pectineal line

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3
Q

What does the head of the femur join?

A

The acetabulum to form the hip joint

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4
Q

What ligament attaches to the fovea capitis?

A

Ligament teres - the ligament of the head of the femur

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5
Q

What muscle attaches to the neck of the femur ?

A

Hip joint capsule - at the back

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6
Q

What muscles attach to the great trochanter?

A
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimus
  • most lateral rotators: all except obturator internus
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7
Q

What muscles attach to the lesser trochanter ?

A

Iliopsoas

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8
Q

What msucle attaches to the trochanteric fossa?

A

Obturator externus muscle

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9
Q

What muscle attaches to the quadrate tubercle ?

A

Quadratus Femoris muscle

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10
Q

What muscle attaches to the pectineal line?

A

Pectineus muscle

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11
Q

What muscles attaches to the spiral line

A

Vastus medialis

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12
Q

What muscle attaches on to the gluteal tuberosity?

A

The deeper part of the gluteus Maximus

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13
Q

What muscles attached onto the linea aspera?

A
  • adductor longus
  • adductor brevis
  • true adductor part of adductor Magnus
  • short head bicep Femoris
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
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14
Q

What muscles attach on the intertrochanteric line?

A

Hip joint capsule which composes of the iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments

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15
Q

What muscle attaches onto the intertrochanteric crest ?

A

Quadratus Femoris - onto the quadrate tubercle

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16
Q

What does the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligament have in common?

A
  • get tighter with medial rotation
  • all unwind therefore allowing for more movement with lateral rotation
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17
Q

What is the iliofemoral ligament ?

A

It is the strongest ligament in the body
- gets tight in extension
- stabilises the hip joint when tight in standing

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18
Q

What movement does the ischiofemoral ligament restrict?

A

Medial rotation

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19
Q

What movement does the pubofemoral ligament prevent ?

A

Extreme abduction

20
Q

What does the articular cartilage cover?

A

Head of the femur

21
Q

What does the ligament head of the femur (ligamentum teres) enter through ?

A

It enters through and within the fovea capitis (a pit)

22
Q

Where does the ligmentum teres attach to?

A

Deep to the transverse acetabular ligament, at the acetabular notch

23
Q

What are some properties of the ligamentum teres

A
  • it is weak
  • has little influence on hip joint stabilization
  • it transmits the acetabular branch of the Obturator artery into the head of the femur
24
Q

Why is it important that the ligamentum teres transmits the acetabular branch of the Obturator artey into the head of the femur ?

A

Since the Obturator artery is the only artery that can support blood to the bone of the distal end of the head of the femur, if the ligament was torn and the artery therefore snaps, the bone would not get nourishment essentially wasting away.

If this was to happen, it would have long term deleterious effects on the mechanics of the hip joitn

25
Q

What is the shape of the articular surface of the acetabulum ?

A

It is lunate shape, which borders the acetabular fossa which is filled with fat

26
Q

What is the acetabular labrum?

A

It is a rim of fibrocartilage that deeps the socket that the head of the femur joins - this increases the stability of the hip joint

27
Q

Is the hip joitn stable ?

A

Yes, it is very stable therefore hard to dislocate

28
Q

What causes dislocation of the hip joint?

A

Posterior dislocation, with a flexed and internally rotated femur
- this tends to occur in car accidents

29
Q

What muscles make up the posterior thigh - hamstring muscles ?

A
  • long head of bicep Femoris (has a long and short head)
  • Semimembranosus (membrane in upper half)
  • semitendinosus (tendon on lower half)
30
Q

What is a hamstring defined by?

A
  • arises from the ischial tuberosity
  • the muscle belly in the posterior thigh
  • insertion on the proximal leg (tibia or fibula)
  • extending the hip joint and flexing the knee
  • being supplied by a tibial nerve
31
Q

What is the origin of the short head of biceps Femoris

A

The proximal end has migrated distally and now originates from the femur, therefore taking its nerve supply with it

32
Q

Why is the short head of biceps Femoris not a hamstring ?

A

It is supplied by the common peroneal nerve and it arises from the lateral supracondylar line of the femur

33
Q

Why is the ex-hamstring part of adductor Magnus not a hamstring ?

A

It doesn’t cross the knee

34
Q

Where does the deep portion of gluteus Maximus insert onto ?

A

The back of the femur on the gluteal tuberosity

35
Q

Where does the superficial portion of the gluteus Maximus insert into ?

A

Iliotibial tract/band

36
Q

What is the ITB?

A

A thickening of the deep fascia of the thigh, the fascia Lata

37
Q

Where does the ITB insert onto?

A

Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia

38
Q

Where does the ITB run from and to?

A
  • FROM the iliac crest
  • TO the tibia
39
Q

What is the femoral triangle bounded by ?

A
  • above by the Inguinal ligament
  • laterally by the sartorius
  • Medially/lateral border of adductor longus
40
Q

What is the floor of the femoral triangle composed of?

A
  • Iliacus
  • Psoas major
  • Pectineus muscle
41
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle ? (Lateral —> medial)

A

1- femoral nerve
2- femoral artery
3- femoral vein
4- deep femoral artery and vein
5- femoral lymphatics

42
Q

What are the quadriceps femoris muscles ?

A
  • rectus femoris
  • three vasti (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius)
43
Q

What action are the 3 vasti muscles responsible for?

A

Extending the knee

44
Q

Action of vastus laterl

A
45
Q

Where is the femoral artery pulse found ?

A

Within the femoral triangle - midway between ASIS and pubic tubercle, along the inguinal ligament

Functional Antatomy - Sem 1 (30 decks)

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