western zone 1945-49

Question 1

what was main west political party + leader

Answer 1

CDU ardenaeur

Question 2

what did the west give in September 1945

Answer 2

licenses to political parties in local elections

Question 3

what happened in 1945

Answer 3

fuel crises - soviets demand 20% payment

Question 4

what did Churchill give in 1946

Answer 4

iron curtain speech Missouri = tensions rose

Question 5

evidence food difficulties western zone 1947

Answer 5

famine w/ - half advised daily calorie intake - black market on food

Question 6

what was a cause of the famine

Answer 6

1946 may - east agricultural goods to west

Question 7

how serious were issues faced by west germany in early years?

Answer 7

grossly underestimated -mitigated and resolved by west well

Question 8

what huts were built that became permanent housing

Answer 8

nissen huts

Question 9

what did the create in may 1947

Answer 9

bizonia

Question 10

what was the bizone

Answer 10

economic union BUT - referred to as ‘germ cell of BRD’ for German economic council - power for laws on taxation.

Question 11

what was the BRD

Answer 11

formed may 1949 - west

Question 12

when was the Marshall plan

Answer 12

June 1947

Question 13

what was the Marshall plan based on

Answer 13

anti communist truman doctrine

Question 14

how much money given to west germany under Marshall plan

Answer 14

1.5 billion

Question 15

what was an economic issue provided by nazis

Answer 15

inflation hidden by state control - loss reichsmark = thriving black market

Question 16

what was introduced in 1947

Answer 16

new hard deustchemark currency introduced -

Question 17

one one level negative aspect of deustachmark

Answer 17

small savers lost out + division further

Question 18

BUT overall success of duestchamark

Answer 18

black market collapsed - hard work encouraged - complements Marshall plan resurrecting trade

Question 19

quote from American banker on currency reform

Answer 19

spirit of country changed overnight

Question 20

democratisation in west

Answer 20

CDU unite all christian dem graphics in may 1946 elections

Question 21

democratisation in east

Answer 21

KPD full backing in zone but 5% in west - ulbricht- ‘must be cyrtsla clear democratic but strings in our hands beneath’

Question 22

demilitarisation in west

Answer 22

disarmament of all German military + same for east

Question 23

denazification in west

Answer 23

• USA purged all nazis w/ 324 given death penalty

- UK place majority in least Categ V

Question 24

denazification east

Answer 24

• believe nazi = capitalism - new socio economic

- 450,000 ex nazis dismissed - but employed

Question 25

decentralisation in east

Answer 25

5 lander = surface federalism but 1952 regional authorities dissolved

Question 26

western zone decentralisation

Answer 26

may 1946 first free federal elections in west - general clay promotes

Question 27

evidence of west fault for bizonia causing crisis in Berlin

Answer 27

1946 foreign office documents - Bevin (BRITISH FOREIGN MINISTER) understood vision zones w/o soviets = clear measure to crisis