west zone 1949-63 Flashcards
what was basic law
the FRG ( west). constitution
what did FRG want to learn from mistakes of
weimar constitution - allowed hitler into power
human rights in FRG/BRD
above law ( no A48)
Parliament in FRG
not just vote no confidence to take down gov but need STABLE ALTERNATIVE ( constructive vote no confidence)
chancellor in FRG
ceremonial - limited powers in emergency
electoral system -
pluralism = essential to democracy w/ mixed member proportional rep - 5% hurdle
CA to BRD democracy
1956 banned KPD
BUT overall opinion on BRD democracy
federal structure +m constitutional court = effectively embraced eastern lander in 1990 reunification
who was ardenaeur leader of
CDU
who’s elected chancellor in September 1949
ardenaeur
what coalition did ardour turn down for what
w/ SPD - new smaller coalition w/ FDP (due to economic policy differences)
what economic difficulties did ardenaur face
2 million unemployment + recession 9despite currency reform)
political difficulties from ardenaur
BRD under ‘occupational statute’ - allies approve aspects of gov
what can ardnauer power base be described as
delicate BUT dominated and stabilised BRD until 1960s
what were CDU economic policies
social market economy
Adenauer aim w/ west compare to SPD
INTEGRATION - Spd want independence
both parties agree on what - evidence for success
‘German question’ (integration east west) 3 million East German refugees for west
what were 2 economic standpoints
social market - ardenuer
plan economy SPD
leader of SPD
schumacher
growth in support CDU 1953-57
45% - 50%
‘NO EXPERIMENTS’
who was the former nazi that was responsible for banning KPD
Schroder = controversial
who was ludwig erhardt
economic minister
what did SPD describe itself as
worker’s party w/ marxist ideologies
3 aims of SPD
nationalisation of sectors = redistrubtuon private property (bit communist :0 as happened in soviet zone)
economic issues by SPD failed in 1950s
recovery = fall unemployment so striking electorate - working class- declining social group - 63% own a fridge
communism issues why SPD failed
Berlin blockade + Korean War = fear communism = SPD smeared by RED BRUSH (marxist ideology)
western integration why SPD failed
-ardeneuer policies showed western integration needed = protection
what did SPD do in 1959 result
adopt liberal economic strategy = border electorate embrace middle class 1969 Brandt first SPD chancellor
what is a social market economy
rising consumption + economic growth - still supports state intervention - freedom w/ social justice
economy state in 1955
economic growth peaks 12%
what did economic growth average at
8%
from 1950 -55 GNP
doubled
what happened to unemployment despite what
down 1 million 1955 despite 3 million influx refugees
state infrastructure germany - how advantage
destroyed by allied bombing therefore innovative factories
1949 - 50 =
foundation crisis - not enough demand to sustain growth + no investment 13.5% unemployment
economic miracle 1951
korean war + exports to US = solve foundation crisis
CA for economic miracle farmers
employment 23% to 10%
BUT CA for agriculture still = economic growth as
production up 25%
why is it not necessarily an economic ‘miracle’
extensive Ruhr resources educated population and 1.5 billion in Marshall plan aid
but what did Britain receive from Marshall plan = was a miracle
twice as much
how were the 3 million refugees a benefit
provided workforce
