P4 - threats Flashcards
where did SPD stand in 1919 ?
-moderate left - parliamentary democracy
where did the KPD stand in 1919?
-pressed for workers revolution
where did the USPD stand in 1919? (USPD disbanded 1920)
-creation of radical socialist society within democratic framework
1919-1923 KPD had support of …
-10-15% of electorate
when was the KPD uprising ?
March 1920 in reaction to Kapp Putsch - friekorps crushed uprising of 50,000 in ruhr
why did the KPD fail?
-systematic repression by gov // friekorps killed main leaders e.g. luxmeborg // concessions made by weimar gov to split extreme left
what was the DNVP?
-coalition of nationalist + old imperial conerv parties =. extremeist + racist –> 15>1% poll in 1920 election
völkisch nationalism
-racist nationalism
what groups did Bavaria become a ‘haven’ for ?
-right wing nationalist groups e.g. German workers party
what did the friekorps bloody actions become known as ?
-the white terror
RIGHT WING THREATS when was Matthias Erzberger murdered and who is he ?
-26 August 1921 - finance minister - catholic + signed armistice
when was Rathaneau murdered ?
-24 june 1922 – foreign minister - jewish + drew up locarno treaties
consul organisation (responsible for deaths)
-right wing members of disbanded ehrardt marine brigade
when was the Kapp Putsh ?
-1920
cause of Kapp Putsch
–(Wolfgang Kapp + Gen. Lüttwitz reject disabandment)13 March Ehrdardt marine brigade 5000 troops seize gov buildings
how serious ? kapp putsch
–SERIOUS- Ebert requests army but Gen.Von Seekt ‘ troops do not fire on troops’
how did putsch end ?
-SPD calls for general strike in Berlin (kapp + gov exert no authority + leave)
how can kapp putsch be viewed as success at first?
-6 days - ppl of berlin + gov stand up against right
but why was putsch a failure for the W.Republic ?
-right wing constitutuions - republic lives in shadow of Reich II + Seekt appointed chief of army
what did aftermath of Putsch + Ebert Gröner agrmt. suggest ?
-army was ‘State within a State’
success of Kapp Pustch in Bavaria ?
-SPD gov resign + replace w/ right
when was Munich (cap. of Bavaria) Beer Hall Putsch?
-Nov 1923
what was the Munich Beer Hall Putsch?
-hitler exploit hyperinflation - forces Kahr (leader bavaria) forced to rebel - SA army take headquarters
what did Von Kahr + Von Lossow wish to do ?
-destroy republican regime - became wary of putsch but forced to join by Hitler
result of munich putsch ?
-hitler on triumphant march to munich -> kahr tells police + crushed (seekt wary of hitler) - Nazi party banned influence 1927
on one level munich putsch success for republic?
seeckt didn’t take part - hitler labels him ‘lackey of Weimar R.’
on another level? ( punish putsch)
-hitler released from landsberg after 10 months + ludendorff acquitted (!there by accident)
what did peukert say about reperations
only 2% germany’s GNP
when was the Hamburg Rising ?
October 1923
what was the Hamburg Rising ?
300 KPD rising supported by people for barricades and food
-1,400 arrested - lasted a few hours
