nazi economy fc Flashcards
what were the 3 problems with German economy the hitler became chancellor
international debt / agricultural stagnation / industrial employment
period 1933-36 was?
economic recovery
four year plan dates
1936-39
blitzkrieg dates
1939-40
total war dates
1941-45
quote on hitler’s economic policy
‘no single unified economic system prevails throughout nazi regime’
–>evolved out of situation over careful planning due to contrasting ideas
explain quote
-anti capitalist 25 point plan contrasts to autarky and deficit training
unemployment in 1932
8 million
how many major banks collapsed in 1931
5
what were Hjalmer’s Schact’s actions ?
work creation schemes e.g. reforestation
-Law to reduce unemployment - public spending up 70%
success I schact unemployment 1932-36
5.6 million –> 1.6 million
criticism of schact
-even thought German economy appear to prosper coincide w/ natural upturn in business cycle after low point winter 1932
criticism of schact
-even thought German economy appear to prosper coincide w/ natural upturn in business cycle after low point winter 1932
BUT - policy played a roel
2 fears after economic recovery
- rapid increase in demand == inflation
- balance of trade deficit (imports > exports)
may 1933 ? aided what
abolition trade unions
–> inflation never materialised
what was issue new plan had to solve
1934 need to balance payments BUT big business demand raw material for rearmament
September 1934 New Plan – did what ?
control of trade + tariff
- -> metals allowed but wool cut
- mefo bills disguised gov spending
new plan - also gaining control over territory before military + political
-bilateral trade agrmts. w/ balkans ensure control before military
success of schact by 1936
unemployment at 1.5 million + industrial production up 60%
downside to schact success
disguise fundamental structural issues - unearth late 1936
what’s the Guns or Butter argument ?
-to balance budget –> rearmament or food
hitler 2 main aims 1936
- armed forces operational in 4 years
- economy fit for war
main aims of Goerring’s 4 Year Plan
-rearmament + autarky
4 year plan DAF
trade unions abolished - bosses no longer sack on spot
-no bargaining for higher wages
success of 4 year plan ? why misleading
6 million unemployed to 0.3
BUT
-women no longer included
overall opinion on 4 year plan
succeeded in reliance on foreign imports did not increase BUT Germany reliant on foreign for 1/3 raw materials
stats for success in blitzkrieg 1939-41
military expenditure doubles - 55% workforce in war projects
unsuccessful in blitzkrieg
-efficiency + poor coordination = limits production
example of rearmament program under 4 year plan
autobahns
example of Speers success in power as rearmament 1942
ammunition production rose 97%
however unsucccess of Speer rearmament 1942
failed to counter local level party gauleioterw = conquered lands not exploited economically - could have reached US and Britain levels
who put in place new plan
schact
what had schact done
hidden balance of payments problem - goering takes over for rearmament 1936
when did schact resign
1937
what was Speer made in 1942
minister of armaments
factual evidence for unsuccessful of Speer
German arms production peaked 1944 below full potential
