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Western Civ I > Western Civ Final > Flashcards

Western Civ Final Flashcards

1
Q

who dominated the long distance trade routes during medieval times

A

italians

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2
Q

what was the most significant conflict between chuch and state in medieval europe

A

investiture conflict

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3
Q

what will become the rallying cry for the crusaders throughout the crusades

A

“God Wills It”

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4
Q

Legends of this orders secret rituals, huge wealth and lost treasures have long fascinated conspiracy theorists for centuries

A

Knights Templar

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5
Q

List the significance of the Battle of Hastings. All.

A
  • England political shift from the Scandinavian world to continental Europe
  • Domesday Book
  • Birth of the Modern English Language
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6
Q

Explain the 2 important provisions within the Magna Carta

A
  • Protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment
  • New taxation only with baronial consent and limitations on scutage
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7
Q

By 1215 the Mongols had conquered most of China under their powerful leader

A

Genghis Khan

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8
Q

Who was the most famous of all the Venetian merchants

A

Marco Polo

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9
Q

Name the great plague that ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3 to 3/5’s of the European population

A

The Black Death

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10
Q

What French Peasant girl turned the longstanding Anglo-French conflict into a Religious War

A

Joan of Arc

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11
Q

The Renaissance origunated in what Italian city

A

Florence

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12
Q

Define Colombian exchange

A

The movement of people, animals, plants, manufactured goods, precious metals, and diseases between Europe, America, and Africa

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13
Q

What were Martin Luther’s 2 major issues with the church

A

Salvation and Indulgences

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14
Q

Pope Paul III cretaed a new priest order to combat the Protestants and convert the heathens to Christianity. What was this new order of priests called

A

The Jesuits

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15
Q

What was the name of one of the most influential royal houses of Europe? The House of Charles V of Spain

A

House of Habsburg

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16
Q

What were French Calvinists called

A

Huguenots

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17
Q

In response to the execution of the Catholic Monarch, Mary Queen of Scot’s, Philip II of Spain

A

Sent the famous Spanish Armada to crush England

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18
Q

Name the King who was an ardent believer in the divine right of kings and will create a system of absolute monarchical rule?

A

Louis XIV

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19
Q

Define absolutism

A

a system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power

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20
Q

Define Mercantilism

A

Governments must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible

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21
Q

Name given to those who fought for Parliament

A

Roundheads

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22
Q

Name given to those who fought for the king

A

Cavaliers

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23
Q

The Cromwellian Rump Parliament then abolished the monarchy and ht eHouse of Lords and set up a Puritan Republic known as the

A

Commonwealth of England

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24
Q

John Locke argues that Governments only purpose was to protect what

A

Protect life, liberty, and property

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25
Q

Define the following
a. mestizo
b. peninsular
c. creoles

A

a. a person born to a spanish father and a native mother
b. those born in spain
c. born in america of spanish parents

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26
Q

explain the strategic importance of the creation of the bank of England

A

enabled the government to raise money at low interest for foreign wars

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27
Q

what city symbolized Russia’s “opening to the west”

A

St. Petersburg

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28
Q

What were the 2 central doctrines of the Enlightenment Philosophers?

A
  • Individual liberty
  • religious tolerance
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29
Q

What were the 3 main reasons for immigration to the “new world”

A
  • economic freedom
  • political freedom
  • religious freedom
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30
Q

who were the executive authority in the colonies, tasked with carrying out the Kings instructions?

A

royal governors

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31
Q

List the 4 coercive acts

A
  • boston port act
  • massachusetts government act
  • impartial administration of justice act
  • quartering act
32
Q

the second continetal congress issues a declaration of independence on what day

A

July 4th, 1776

33
Q

A body of deputies from the three estates or orders

A

Estates General

34
Q

Declaration of the Right of Man and Citizen proclaimed

A

“Men are born and remained free and equal in rights”

35
Q

Know what the slogans and values that will define the French Revolution are

A
  • liberty
  • equality
  • fraternity
36
Q

2nd century BC artifact will unlock the lost ancient Egyptian culture

A

Rosetta Stone

37
Q

The objective of the Congress was to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wards and the Napoleonic Wars

A

Congress of Vienna

38
Q

America’s reaction to the political instability in South America during the 1820s

A

Monroe Doctrine

39
Q

Causes of WWI

A
  • nationalism
  • imperialism
  • entangling alliances
  • militarism~Germany’s rise as a world power
40
Q

Reasons for American involvement

A

-economic
-unrestricted submarine warfare
-anti-german propaganda

41
Q

This clause (provision) forced Germany to accept responsibility for the war

A

War Guilt Clause

42
Q

Point 14 General association of nations to guarantee the security of great and small nations alike

A

league of nations

43
Q

what does NAZI stand for

A

National Socialist German Workers Party

44
Q

Results of the failed Putsch

A
  • the trial publicity made Hitler a national figure
  • he writes mein kampf
  • he decides to take power legally
45
Q

Western democracies policy of —. Accepting Hitler’s demands in order to avoid conflict

A

Appeasement

46
Q

Hitler invaded Poland World War II begins

A

September 1, 1939

47
Q

Desert Fox

A

Field Marshall Erwin Rommel

48
Q

Reasons Hitler invaded Russia. For Hitler, the temptations for invasion are too great

A
  • Its the heart of communism
  • its where lebensraum is to be found
  • it is the home to the largest jewish population in the world
49
Q

The US will give $46 billion in aid

A

Lend-Lease

50
Q

The axis powers

A
  • Germany->Adolf Hitler
  • Italy->Benito Mussolini
  • Japan->Hideki Tojo
51
Q

The Allied Powers

A
  • America->FDR
  • England ->Winston Churchill
  • Soviet Union (Russia)->Joseph Stalin
52
Q

What was the date of D-Day

A

June 6, 1944

53
Q

conference considered a sellout by FDR

A

Yalta

54
Q

Supreme Allied Commander in EUrope

A

Dwight David Eisenhower

55
Q

Japan sought to establish what they called the

A

Greater East Asia Co. Prosperity Sphere

56
Q

For the military the highest honor they could gain in battle

A

Die for their emperor

57
Q

Surrender was considered a

A

Disgrace

58
Q

Pearl harbor gets the United States into WWII

A

December 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor

59
Q

— is ordered by FDR to leave for Australia. Where he issues his famous — declaration

A

General Douglas MacArthur
I Shall Return

60
Q

76k American and Filipino troops surrender

A

The Bataan Death March

61
Q

Japanese Navy is stopped in the attempt to capture Port Moresby

A

Battle of Coral Sea

62
Q

Commander and CHief of the US Pacific fleet during WWII

A

Chester W. Nimitz

63
Q

Supreme allied commander in the Pacific Theatre during WWII

A

Douglass MacArthur

64
Q

Led air raid on Tokyo

A

Jimmy Doolittle

65
Q

Americans at home followed the war

A

Newsreels

66
Q

Were placed in the windows of Americans who lost loved ones during the war

A

Gold Stars

67
Q

It is the turning point of the war in the Pacific

A

Battle of Midway

68
Q

1st land victory for America in the pacific

A

Battle of Guadalcanal

69
Q

Most famous image of WWII classic flag raising on Mt. Suribachi

A

Battle of Iwo Jima

70
Q

1st assault on the japanese home islands

A

Battle of Okinawa

71
Q

Kamikazes

A

Divine wind

72
Q

Code name for the atomic bomb project

A

Manhattan Project

73
Q

1st nuclear explosion was on US soil July 16, 1945

A

Trinity

74
Q

On August 15, 1945 Japan Surrenders

A

VJ-Day

75
Q

Will be the Military Governor of occupied Japan

A

General Douglas MacArthur

76
Q

The internment of the japanese americans

A

Japanese Americans were ytargeted as potentially disloyal. They were viewed as potential spies for the Japanese Government

77
Q

Which offered the benefit of free college education to returning veterans

A

G.I. bill of rights

Western Civ I (15 decks)

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