chapter 16

Question 1

An ardent believer in the divine right of kings system of absolute monarchical rule

Answer 1

Louis XIV

Question 2

A series of revolts between 1648-1653 known as the Fronde. The conflict began

Answer 2

1648 when Cardinal Mazarin levied a tax on judicial officers. When they refused to pay and demanded the right to approve new taxes he had the leaders arrested.

Question 3

The Fronde’s goal

Answer 3

was to protect their ancient liberties from royal encroachments. Not overthrow the king

Question 4

Results of the Fronde

Answer 4

Louis centralized the army under his direct control

Question 5

The gardens reflected the spirit of Louis XIV’s rule, their geometrical arrangement and clear lines showed:

Answer 5

• that art and design could tame nature
• that order and control defined the exercise of power

Question 6

Absolutism

Answer 6

a system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power

Question 7

Louis will achieve Absolutism by making everyone dependent upon him. Using a systematic policy of

Answer 7

• bestowing pensions
• offices
• honors (titles of nobility)
• gifts
• the threat of disfavor or punishment

Question 8

Nobility of the sword

Answer 8

family members, princes, old military based nobility

Question 9

intendants

Answer 9

holders of a public administrative office

Question 10

intendants performed 3 main functions:

Answer 10

• collection of taxes
• financing of public projects
• provisioning of the army

Question 11

Mercantilism

Answer 11

governments must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible

Question 12

Louis XIV will embark on a series of wars that will earn him the nickname

Answer 12

“The Christian Turk”

Question 13

The war of Spanish Succession

Answer 13

Charles II, King of Spain died. Leaving no male heir. Attempted to unify the French and the Spanish crowns and controlled a vast empire

Question 14

Frederick William of Hohenzollern, Unlike Louis he recognized

Answer 14

noble dominance over the land in exchange for state service

Question 15

true contribution to absolutism in his realm was the

Answer 15

quadrupling of his army

Question 16

Parliament’s most indispensable power

Answer 16

was its ability to raise tax revenues far in excess of all other sources of revenue at the crown’s disposal

Question 17

Because England had no single constitutional document, regulated relations between king and Parliament

Answer 17

a variety of laws, judicial decisions, charters, petitions and customary procedures.

Question 18

The scots riot and then invade England

Answer 18

Archbishop of Canterbury issued the “book of common prayer” to enforce uniform rules of worship in England, Scotland and Wales

Question 19

The long parliament passed 3 laws in order to place limits on the kings absolute monarchial rule

Answer 19

• Parliament should convene once every 3 years
• made it illegal for the king to impose taxes without Parliamentary consent
• Parliament passed a law forbidding the king to dissolve it without its consent

Question 20

fought for parliament

Answer 20

roundheads

Question 21

fought for the king

Answer 21

cavaliers

Question 22

levellers

Answer 22

who wanted to “level” social differences and extend political participation to all male property owners

Question 23

Charles I was found guilty

Answer 23

of attempting to establish “an unlimited and tyrannical power”

Question 24

The cromwellian rump parliament then abolished the monarchy and the house of lords and set up a puritan republic known as the

Answer 24

commonwealth of england

Question 25

Parliament passed the test act 1673

Answer 25

requiring all government officials to profess allegiance to the church of England

Question 26

Supported a strong hereditary monarchy and the Church of England

Answer 26

Tories

Question 27

Advocated Parliamentary supremacy and toleration to protestant dissenters

Answer 27

whigs

Question 28

Glorious revolution

Answer 28

power had shifted without spilling blood

Question 29

leviathan, in the book, Hobbes argued in favor of

Answer 29

absolutism

Question 30

giving up ________________ collective security

Answer 30

personal liberty

Question 31

John Locke, governments only purpose was to

Answer 31

protect life, liberty, and property