The cataclysm of revolution Flashcards
Popular Sovereignty
authority delivered from the people rather than from God or tradition
3 classes called “estates” or the orders of france
- first estate consisted of the clergy
- second estate consisted of the nobility
- third estate consisted of everyone else
bourgeoise
elite of wealthy commoners who were merchants, manufacturers, and professionals
a body of deputies from the 3 estates of orders
estates general
“tennis court” oath
they agreed to not separate until they had given France a constitution
bastille
July 14th 1789, a huge fortified prison that symbolized royal authority
Great fear
a period of panic and riot by rural peasants amid rumors “aristocratic conspiracy” to overthrow the third estate
Declaration of the rights of man and citizen, it proclaimed…
“men are born and remain free and equal in rights”
Political clubs were French, devotedly radical republican, left wing group
Jacobin(s)
the slogans and values that will define the revolution
- liberty
- equality
- fraternity
marat was assassinated by charlotte corday sympathizer convention agreed to establish
revolutionary armies, committee of public safety
between september 5, 1793 and July 27, 1794, this period is called
the reign of terror
French enlightenment thinkers believed if they could just get rid of ________________________ humanity would enter a new golden age
religion, monarchy, and inequality
to replace the catholic church
“cut of reason” and “cut of the supreme being”
fearing for the safety of its members, in July 1794, the convention ended the terror by arresting and executing
Robespierre and his followers
dies with Robespierre, France will enter a period of uncertainty
fear of another terror or a return to the opposite monarchy that proceeded it
next the directory sent napoleon to egypt with an army in 1798
the hopes of cutting the british trade routes to india
this 2nd century b.c. artifact will unlock the lost ancient egyptian culture
Rosetta Stone
the consulate, Napoleon became ________ a title revived from the ancient roman empire
first consul
Napoleon created an administrative Bureaucracy based on the ancient roman _____ relationship
patron-client
Napoleons civil accomplishments- the civil code of 1804
it did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility).
it allowed freedom of religion, equal protection under law for all males
Napoleons military innovations
1) creation of the grande armee
2) the corps
3) artillery
4) spy network
it is regarded as the greatest victory achieved by napoleon
Austerlitz
annexing territories Napoleon…
Napoleon abolished serfdom, eliminated seigneurial dues, introduced the napoleonic code, suppressed monasteries, subordinated church to state, and extended civil right to Jews
innovations will lead to increasing dissent in occupied territories
increased taxes and conscription to support conquests and occupations
resistance was greatest in
spain and portugal
the continental system
Napoleons attempt to isolate Great Britain by forbidding any nation from trading with them
deep into russia, greatest battle in human history up to that date
Borodino
Leipzig
Battle of the Nations
The french senate deposed Napoleon in March 1814 exhaled him to the
island of Elba
Congress of vienna declared napoleon
outlaw
the objective of the congress was to provide a long term peace plan for europe by settling critical issues arising from the french revolutionary wars and the napoleonic wars
the congress of vienna
conservatives believed in
order, society and the state, faith and tradition
political instability in south america
Monroe Doctrine
