Week 9-Urinary system Flashcards
Arteriole
Small artery
Calciferol
Active form of Vitamin D; secreted by the kidney
Calyx
Calix; Calices; cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
Catheter
Tube for injecting or removing fluids
Creatinine
Nitrogeneous waste excreted in urine
Cortical
Pertaining to the cortex
Cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
Cystoscopy
Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope/cystoscope
Diabetes insipidus
DI; antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH
Diabetes mellitus
DM; Insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects
Electrolyte
Chemical element that carries an electrical change when dissolved in water; necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves; kidneys maintain proper balance of electrolytes and water in blood
Erythropoietin
EPO; hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of RBCs by bone marrow
Glomerular capsule
Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; Bowman’s capsule; collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus
Glomerulus
Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney
Hematuria
Blood in urine
Hemodialysis
HD; uses an artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from patient’s bloodstream, filters it through an artificial porous membrane (dialyzer), and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient’s body
Hilum
Depression in an organ here blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
Interstitial nephritis
Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules
Ketosis
Metabolic state characterized by raised levels of ketone bodies in the body tissues (diet low in carbs, diabetes)
Lithotripsy
Urinary tract stones are crushed