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ST2 > Week 9-Urinary system > Flashcards

Week 9-Urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

Arteriole

A

Small artery

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2
Q

Calciferol

A

Active form of Vitamin D; secreted by the kidney

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3
Q

Calyx

A

Calix; Calices; cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

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4
Q

Catheter

A

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

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5
Q

Creatinine

A

Nitrogeneous waste excreted in urine

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6
Q

Cortical

A

Pertaining to the cortex

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7
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

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8
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope/cystoscope

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9
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

DI; antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

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10
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

DM; Insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

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11
Q

Electrolyte

A

Chemical element that carries an electrical change when dissolved in water; necessary for functioning of muscles and nerves; kidneys maintain proper balance of electrolytes and water in blood

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12
Q

Erythropoietin

A

EPO; hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of RBCs by bone marrow

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13
Q

Glomerular capsule

A

Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; Bowman’s capsule; collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus

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14
Q

Glomerulus

A

Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

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15
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in urine

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16
Q

Hemodialysis

A

HD; uses an artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from patient’s bloodstream, filters it through an artificial porous membrane (dialyzer), and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient’s body

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17
Q

Hilum

A

Depression in an organ here blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

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18
Q

Interstitial nephritis

A

Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

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19
Q

Ketosis

A

Metabolic state characterized by raised levels of ketone bodies in the body tissues (diet low in carbs, diabetes)

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20
Q

Lithotripsy

A

Urinary tract stones are crushed

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21
Q

Meatal stenosis

A

Narrowing of the opening of the urethra at the external meatus

22
Q

Nephrolithiasis

A

Kidney stones

23
Q

Nephron

A

Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorbtion, and secretion take place in the kidney; 1 million nephrons in a kidney

24
Q

Nitrogenous waste

A

Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

25
Q

Nocturia

A

Frequent excessive urination at night

26
Q

Peritoneal dialysis

A

PD; uses a catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity. Wast materials in the capillaries of the peritoneum pass out of the bloodstream and into the fluid. Fluid with wastes is then removed by catheter.

27
Q

Reabsorption

A

Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

28
Q

Renal artery

A

Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

29
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Central collecting region in the kidney

30
Q

Renal tubule

A

Microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

31
Q

Renin

A

Hormone secreted by the kidney, raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

32
Q

Stricture

A

Abnormal narrowing of an opening or passageway

33
Q

Trigone

A

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

34
Q

Urethra

A

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

35
Q

Urinalysis

A

Examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements that may indicate various pathologic conditions

36
Q

Voiding

A

Urination, expelling urine through the urethra

37
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

A

Nephrosis; group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

38
Q

Polycystic kidney disease

A

PKD; multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney

39
Q

Pyelolithotomy

A

Removal of a stone from within the renal pelvis or from the ureter

40
Q

Renal calculi

A

Kidney stone

41
Q

Renal failure

A

Decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

42
Q

Renal hypertension

A

High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

43
Q

Renal ischemia

A

Asnephric ischaemia; deficiency of blood in one or both kidneys or nephrons; usually due to functional constriction or actual obstruction of a blood vessel

44
Q

Retrograde pylogram

A

RP; xray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

45
Q

Secondary hypertention

A

Increase in blood pressure caused by another medical condition

46
Q

Anuria

A

Failure of the kidneys to produce urine

47
Q

Trigonitis

A

Inflammation of the trigone

48
Q

Ureteroileostomy

A

Surgical implantation of a ureter into an isolated segment of the ileum which drains through an abdominal stoma

49
Q

Urethral stricture

A

Abnormal narrowing of the urethra

50
Q

Wilms tumor

A

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

ST2 (15 decks)

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