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ST2 > Week 1-Mircobiology > Flashcards

Week 1-Mircobiology Flashcards

1
Q

Aerobes

A

Organisms that favor an oxygen rich environment

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2
Q

Aerosol droplets

A

Droplets of moisture small enough to remain suspended in air

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3
Q

Anaerobes

A

Organisms that favor a oxygen poor enviornment

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4
Q

Bioburden

A

Number of bacteria on a surface

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5
Q

Contaminated

A

Surface, substance, or tissue that is not free of microbes

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6
Q

Cross-contamination

A

Spread of infection from one person/object to another person/object

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7
Q

Culture

A

Process of growing a microbe in a laboratory setting

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8
Q

Diffusion

A

Uniform dispersal of particles in a solution or across a membrane

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9
Q

Direct transmission

A

Transfer of microbes by direct physical contact with microbes

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10
Q

Droplet nuclei

A

Dried remnants of previously moist secretions containing microbes

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11
Q

Endospore

A

Dormant stage of some bacteria that allows them to survive in extreme environmental conditions; spores

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12
Q

Entry site

A

Sites where microbes enter the body

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13
Q

Fomite

A

Intermediate inanimate source in the process of disease transmission

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14
Q

Infection

A

State/condition in which pathogenic microbes invade and colonize in the body/body tissues

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15
Q

Inflammation

A

Body’s reaction to injury/infection, results in redness, heat, swelling, and pain

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16
Q

Necrosis

A

Tissue death

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17
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital-acquired infection or healthcare-acquired infection; infection acquired as a result of being in a health care facility

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18
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

Infection in a weakened individual or as the result of specific drugs

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19
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease-causing microbe

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20
Q

Prion

A

Infectious protein substance that is resistant to common sterilization methods

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21
Q

Resident microorganisms

A

Microbes that normally colonize certain tissues of the body

22
Q

Sterile

A

Completely free of all microbes

23
Q

Suppurative

A

Having developed pus and fluid

24
Q

Vector

A

Living intermediate carrier of microbes from one host to another

25
Q

Viron

A

Complete virus particle

26
Q

Virulence

A

Degree to which a microbe is capable of causing disease

27
Q

Prokaryote

A

Single-celled microbe, no distinct nucleus

28
Q

Cell wall

A

Structural layer surrounding some types of cells, outside cell membrane

29
Q

Chromosome

A

DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism

30
Q

Cell membrane

A

Biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells to the outside environment

31
Q

Plasmid

A

Genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of chromosomes; in the cytoplasm

32
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Material within a living cell, excluding the nucleus

33
Q

Ribosomes

A

Minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins; found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells

34
Q

Eukaryote

A

Any organism whose cells contains a nucleus and other organelles enclosed in memebranes

35
Q

Mitochondria

A

Organelle found in large numbers in cells; where biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur

36
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer membrane; surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells

37
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring with a smooth surface involved in the transport of materials

38
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Organelle found in most eukaryotic cells; packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before vesicles are sent to their destination

39
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell studded with ribosomes involved in the transport of materials

40
Q

Lysosome

A

Organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane

41
Q

Organelles

A

Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell

42
Q

Passive transport

A

Movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input

43
Q

Active transport

A

Movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy

44
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans

45
Q

Gram staining

A

Staining technique for preliminary identification of bacteria; gram pos - bacteria appear violet, gram neg- red

46
Q

Acid-fast staining

A

Differential stain used to identify acid-fast organisms

47
Q

Cilia

A

Short, microscopic, hairlike vibrating structure

48
Q

Aseptic technique

A

Method designed to prevent contamination from microbes

49
Q

Symbiosis

A

Interaction between 2 different organisms living in close physical association, usually to the advantage of both

50
Q

Staphylococcus Aureus

A

Most widespread cause of SSI; resides on healthy skin; can cause endocarditis and osteomyelitis

ST2 (15 decks)

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