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ST2 > Week 6-Muscular system > Flashcards

Week 6-Muscular system Flashcards

1
Q

Achondroplasia

A

Dwarfism; inherited condition were cartilage and bone formation are defective and do not grow to normal size

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2
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body

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3
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Lou Gehrig disease; muscles deteriorate as a result of degeneration of nerves in spinal cord and lower region of the brain (paralysis occurs)

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4
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine

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5
Q

Arthrodesis

A

Bones fused across the joint space by surgery

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6
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in size of an organ or tissue

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7
Q

Bunion

A

Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

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8
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

CTS; compression of the median nerves as it passes between the ligament, bones, and tendons of the wrist

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9
Q

Chrondroma

A

Benign cartilaginous tumor

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10
Q

Chrondromalacia

A

Damage to the cartilage under patella

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11
Q

Dislocation

A

Displacement of a bine from it’s joint

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12
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Backward (upward) bending of the foot

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13
Q

Extention

A

Straightening of a flexed limb

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14
Q

Fascia

A

Fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

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15
Q

Fasciotomy

A

Fascia is cut to relieve tension or pressure on muscles

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16
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue (esp. back, shoulders, neck, hip, and knees); fatigue, cause unknown

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17
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a limb; decreasing the angle between bones

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18
Q

Ganglion cyst

A

Fluid filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons, typically in the hand

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19
Q

Gouty arthritis

A

Inflammation and painful swelling of joint caused by excessive uric acid in the body

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20
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Bleeding into joint spaces

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21
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in size of an organ or tissue

22
Q

Leiomyoma

A

fibroids; benign smooth muscle tumor; commonly found in uterus, small bowel, and esophagus

23
Q

Leiomyosarcoma

A

LMS; type of soft tissue sarcoma, can develop in muscle, fat, blood vessels, or any other tissues that support, surround, and protect organs of the body

24
Q

Ligament

A

Fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone

25
Q

Ligamentous

A

Pertaining to, of the nature of, or forming a ligament

26
Q

Lyme disease

A

Disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise; caused by bacterium carried by a tick

27
Q

Myalgia

A

Muscle pain

28
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground

29
Q

Pronation

A

Turning palm downward

30
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A

Benign tumor of striated muscle

31
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

RMS; cancer made up of cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles

32
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane

33
Q

Rotation

A

Circular movement around an axis (center point)

34
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils are not highly ordered; occur in gut and other internal organs

35
Q

Spinal stenosis

A

Narrowing of the neural (spinal) canal in lumbar spine

36
Q

Sprain

A

Trauma to ligaments without rupture

37
Q

Strain

A

Injury involving the over stretching of muscle

38
Q

Striated muscle

A

Muscle connected to bones, voluntary or skeletal muscle

39
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial or incomplete dislocation

40
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Viscous fluid within the synovial cavity

41
Q

Synovial joint

A

Freely movable joint

42
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Tissue lining the synovial cavity, it produces synovial fluid

43
Q

Synovitis

A

Inflammation of a synovial membrane

44
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus

A

SLE; chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and lungs

45
Q

Tendonitis

A

Inflammation of tendon; most commonly from over use but also from infection or RA

46
Q

Tendon

A

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones

47
Q

Tenorrhaphy

A

Surgical suture of the divided ends of a tendon

48
Q

Tenosynovitis

A

Inflammation and swelling of a tendon, typically in the wrist, often caused by repetitive movements (ie typing)

49
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body

50
Q

Visceral muscle

A

Muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle

ST2 (15 decks)

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