Week 9

Question 0

Roy Baumeister’s article suggests _____ might be a better thing to focus on than self esteem

Answer 0

Self-control
Americans are high in self esteem, even though it was once believed there was an epidemic of being low.
Self control predicts many good things.
Is probably used by non profits in their self esteem boosting courses

Question 1

The definition of self esteem does not imply anything about?

Answer 1

Reality

Question 2

According to Baumeister’s, High (low) Self esteem, does not help.

Answer 2

Grades
Rela
Less aggression (in fact it lead to narcissism)
Sex, drugs or
Buffering hypothesis of stress (weak argument)
Not cultivated, but maintained in current culture, externalized therefore.

Question 3

The benefits of high self esteem according to Baumeister’s?

Answer 3

More happiness, greater initiative, (acting on beliefs and impulses)

Question 4

Erikson’s psychosocial stage theory

Answer 4

H

Question 5

Marcia’s system of categorizing identity status

Answer 5

Interview code children achievement

Question 6

Eriksons psychological model and an aside.

Answer 6

Very young issues of trust,
Late adolescence, central issue regards identity
Identity crisis, Koestner had this at 20.
Colgate university full scholarship. Mom said no. Columbia university instead. Commute needed, was miserable. Working at Macy’s to pay, friends wanted idea how k could improve himself. Listen to specific albums, help you buy some clothes for yourself. Wore same thing all time. Mom shipped.
John tough guy, thought too meek, taikwando. Authoritarian, please stop hurting me, studying midterm, karate, mom upset, you be become a moonie, fear might join religious organizTion moonie, mass weddings, universities,
Mom neurotic, but you too need to do more work on identity,
Ppl wanted to help you move along.

Question 7

Eriksons psycosocial stages

Answer 7

●1. Trust - 1st year of life.
●2. Autonomy - age 2
●3. Initiative - age 4-5
●4. Industry vs inferiority (are you good?) - childhood to mid-adolescence.
●5. Identity*** - late adolescence/young adulthood
●6. Intimacy - young adulthood
●7. Generativity - midlife
●8. Integrity - old age

All before and after identiy

Question 8

Who am I

Answer 8

Physical, bodily transformation, push rethink how we are,
Cognitive changes, formal operations, think more creatively, significant, consider alternative, unlike child that just accepts. Think in new ways.
Expectation by others that you find identity.
Spider-man identity issues.
Mary Jane, unsure, can you really have intimate rela if you do not know who you are yet?
Some evidence yes!

Question 9

James Marcia Research Approach

Answer 9

2 steps
●1. exploration – genuinely looking at and experimenting with alternative beliefs and directions. Do I concur, family stuff.

●2. commitment – choosing to pursue certain roles and outlooks that define how you see yourself fitting into adult world.
Ex. Career track. K social worker, clinical psychology.

●Occupational Goals
●Personal Ideology

●Identity Status interview
Focus on religious and political beliefs.
Explored and commitments.
Looking for commitment.

Question 10

Identity status catehpgories

Answer 10

Explored, vs commitments.

It is a progressive act.
Explore diffusion, rat odium, identity achieved stance.

Foreclosure, no exploration, cultural thing, so this is what I am meant to do. Problematic.

Question 11

Decisions on whhc identity stance, determined by

Answer 11

Relidpgion, political career.

Achieved identity if you can explain the process of coming to a though. Shows exploration and commitment.

Question 12

Diffusion features and other categories

Answer 12

●Diffusion: alienated and isolated; distant from parents. Withdrawn. Dis photic short interviews. Problematic one. Life not going so well.

●Foreclosure: goal-directed, very close to family, choose similar friends. Mature consciencious. Conventional. Most stable, rigid. Don’t really move on unless something big happens. Death, divorce. Lacks solid foundation.

●Moratorium: preoccupied and struggling; marked ambivalence toward parents. Spider-Man clip, seems. Like they are at this stage. Turn interview into counsellong session, appear neurotic. Friends rela, intense and short lived.

●Achievement: trust themselves; able to explain their choices, view parents in a balanced reconciled way. Calm, friends rela, of depth and commitment possible. So I want to find a gal at this level.

Question 13

Research on Identity Status shows?

Answer 13

●Self-Esteem change after feedback, bolstered.
Too two categories, self esteem did not change. Foreclosed plummeted. Easy to move around, tied to external pressure.

●Identity status change over time?
Yes, there is a developmental progression, on average later on, does not happen to all.

Question 14

●Identity status Relation to intimacy status?

Answer 14

Number of studies use parallel question showing development of rela. Code depth of relationships, for intimacy status.
-Look for depth and commitment. And the categories used are?

●Isolate – lacks enduring personal relationships, like Sheldon
●Stereotyped – Rels lack depth. Seinfeld.
●Pre-Intimate – Friends but not commitment
●Intimate – Commitment and mutuality, Mary Jane and Peter and Gwen,

pseudo-intimate
Married, friends, or intimate, but lacks, the depth.

Playboys, included in stereotyped, like Seinfeld.

Very related to identity status

Question 15

Identity issues, are

Answer 15

Developmentally focused,
Most interesting category, identity moratorium, likely you look neurotic, uncertain of yourself. But really caught up in crisis of identiy issues. Once resolved, suddenly will not seem so neurotic. Happens for most, but some more so than others,

Question 16

Identity system most useful for western population but

Answer 16

In many parts of he world ppl do not have as many chooses for religion or career. Emphasis placed on accepting authority, most people foreclosed. Result shows that is problematic, foreclosed stance unknown why we do things.
Cannot explore identity, disoriented.

Question 17

Stages, look like they have been elongated

Answer 17

In other words, identity is what we face now, not intimacy.

Question 18

Generatifity vs stagnation, what comes before

Answer 18

Intimacy vs isolation,

Identity, vs identity diffusion

Question 19

Generarativity is?

Answer 19

Concern of Well being of youth in subsequent generations

Question 20

Generative can be measured in interview but

Answer 20

Use self report

1. Use self report, asking questions how involved in helping other people develop. How much energy in teaching mentoring developing.
2. How inclusive vs exclusive involvement is. More inclusive more people children,

Question 21

Example, of k high school friend.

Answer 21

Learning about friends life, and compare to k.
Focused on where they were each at. Friend had so much energy. Professor. Book writing, took up fiddle at 43. Writes historical novels.
When Koestner heard about what this guy Ws doing, k leisure diversionary activities, relaxing no creative aspect. Him more creative.
Friend nt to Rome, tableau vivante,

Question 22

Marcia chapter,

Answer 22

Table shows four adult stages,
Each psychosocial stage has an issue that must be resolved to move onto the next stage, gain a personal strength. There is recoverability, not all lost though.
The virtue were expected to derive is FIDELITY for identity, capacity to stay connected, committed, anchored,
LOVE, with intimacy.
Generative tt, involvement in the care for others and how inclusive involvement is, virtue is CARING

You can move from one stage to another and see links
Linking of development stage at each of there resistive level.s isolated, stems from diffusion., more likely to reach highest level of intimacy.

Question 23

McAdams model of generativity?

Answer 23

When we are in our 30-40 generative concerns are likely to emerge.
Biological and psychological, something within makes us more concerned.
But societal expectation too.
Men’s club example. Church,
Nominated to be on executive comittee. Stressed managing churches finances. K thinks its generative, but I think this is a bit of a stretch.
Concern, (exploration) –> commitment, -> action
Evolving life story you tell. Should here change themes, from identity sand intimacy, to generativity and legacy of contribution.

Question 24

McAdams generative concerns measurement

Answer 24

Generative, concerns, action, commitments,
Assessments, broad manner, put togethor predict how people are. Involve in political and community activities. Good/bad parents.
Is this connects to animals, neighborhood? Cats.

Generative concerns, vs generative acts self reports, normally distributed over life span.
Pro social generative, so long as not controlled, nonvolitionall endorsed compelled none of the positive will emerge,

Commitments (/strivings) show more generative ones in midlife.

Question 25

Developmental evidence of generative

Answer 25

70yr olds also high in generative strivings,
But midlife 40 yrs high in generative acts and concerns
Validity of evidence.

Question 26

Individual differences in generativity

Answer 26

K guesses he is medium, friend Tony super high.
Does it make a difference. Well I’d does,
And generativity does too.
Seen in outcomes relevant to age.
-parenting:
Turns out ppl who are parents vs are not no higher in generativity. Invest in other activities. But parents generativity related to:
More involved in children’s lives, friends, teachers, subjects,
More involved in helping their kids
Imp. They typically go beyond their own child! Hehe Kevin too. Parents in elementary school. Moms

-social involvement:
Civil commitment, political group, voting, church, associate with higher generativity.

-well-being:
More meaningful happy life.

Question 27

Generative parents and their college age children.

Parents serve as a model, less influence, but still affect you.

Answer 27

Generativity of parents affects personality of their child student
Beyond normative things:
Parent higher on generativity:
-Higher scores on A and C, being good citizen, love and work
-Tater positive emotions in daily life.
-Gate involvement in politics and religion,

Further along in identity development.
When parents managing developmental stage way, filter down to the children. Easier on all.
Of course their work vocation often allows for a lot of generativity.

Controlled for parents level of big five tratis.

Parents don’t stop being an influence. Not necessarily bad.

Question 28

Generativity and social activities

Answer 28

Sample 500 Americans, half black half white
Ppl higher generativity on midlife, more friends, better rela, more church.
Controlled for education and economic status,
Results stronger for African Americans, more likely to go to church, a lot of opportunity for generative activities created.

Question 29

Generative strivings and well being over time

Answer 29

Young adults vs midlife, predict being happier and well being in young adults.
Strivings personal growth vs community.
More generative strivings, improved well being only for mid life adults.
So young ppl can have indicated differences in generativity, community not so important to well being. More so in midlife.

Question 30

Free generativity

Answer 30

Old age, move to integrity stage, vs despair.
Find your personal gift is,
Review life, and what conclusion do you reach, key to level of functioning.
Engage in review reach a good conclusion of our life.
Mother said her gift is she can talk to people. Insight concluded it was good and sustained her.
Her mom is coming to positive conclusions.
Life review process is a generative act.