Week 4

Question 0

Outcomes based on big five, in psychotherapy?

Answer 0

N negative outcome

Ec positive outcome

Question 1

Big five in psycotherapy treatment, what outcomes are shown?

Answer 1

See SLIDE IN PHOTOS.
introvert more directive needed.
Openness. Means more imaginative and different things.
Agreeabless helps With the rela. Often come because they have been mistreated.
Conscientiousness. Leads to if they’d of he work. So
N intensity duration of distress
E nervy enthusiasm for therapy
Reaction to therapist interventionsa client Thera rela
C willingness to do homework of Thera.

Question 2

The misery triad

Answer 2

Hi n, low e and c

Question 3

Medication and personality

Answer 3

Listening to Prozac contention of inauthentic behaviour

Question 4

Stigmas surrounding depression

Answer 4

About mental illness;
– About seeking help;
– About taking medication;

Question 5

Subclinical levels of depression

Answer 5

25% of people have “everyday depression

Question 6

Other no trait personality factors

Answer 6

Attachment style;
l Implicit motives;
l Unconscious conflicts;l
Life narrative;

Question 7

Why did we watch Big Bang theory

Answer 7

Cuz operant condition used on Lenny with chocolates.

Question 8

Amy Sutherland shamus article: what can you say?

Answer 8

Marine successful freelance writer. Scott husband has habits. Positive reinforcement to change habits. Dulled life by bad habits. Marital counseling no help communication was good.
California writing assi. College training wild animals. Operant conditioning. Positive reinforcement. Highest level of success. Marine animal.

Question 9

What is the mcgill university of animal training.

Answer 9

Moor park.

Question 10

The central idea of the animal American husband

Answer 10

Positive reinforcement. Response to behaviour isotherm reinforce or not.

Catch him being good.
Ignore misbehavior.
Criticism may reinforce negative behaviour.

Don’t reinforce will eventually extinguish@
Koestner not sure if it is true.
should reward
behavior liked and ignore behavior don’t like.

Question 11

Shaping?

Answer 11

Rule of approximations

Get closer and closer and then big reinforcer. Continue closer. Small baby steps to new behaviour

Question 12

Training incompatible behaviour

Answer 12

the trainer taught the birds something else, a 
behavior that would makethe undesirable behavior 
impossible.”
Land on rug. Incompatible with head. 
Distraction with reinforcement. 
Sanding off rough edge.
Persistsnt though. I wonder. 
Aware of it I wonder. If stopped.

Question 13

What is the theory behind least reinforcing scenario (L. R. S.)

Answer 13

Least reinforcing scenario. No response any way.
Dogs really pick up eye contact. Koestner had one for nine months.
Total blank to dolphin. Not inadvertently be reinforcing behaviour. Any response fuels/reinforce behaviour.

Question 14

Long term success with the American Husband?

Answer 14

But thinking of my
husband as an exotic species gave me the
distance I needed to consider our differencesmore objectively .”

Question 15

Not everything is trainable is it?

Answer 15

Yup, Certain things animals cannot do.
Example. Raccoon. Choreograph coin. Raccoon gold coin under arm. Species specific. Ppl too. Some things are so entrenched.

Question 16

The aftermath of human conditioning

Answer 16

Well after training Scott the American husband used the tactics on Amy, meaning the animal trained the trainer. Also we may observe that Amy might be a little high on neuroticism.
Scott was not surprised to learn about the experiemt. But Koestner thinks he’d feel betrayed if it were him.

Question 17

Research with animals by Skinner

Answer 17

Positive R
Receive food pellet
l
l Negative R
Don’t receive electric shockl
l Positive P
Receive electric shock
l
l Negative P
Taking away treats

Question 18

What is Skinner’s advice

Answer 18

Use positive 
reinforcement;l 
Dangers of 
punishment?
l Learn wrong 
linkage;
l Elicits fear and avoidance.
Don't understand.
Just avoid being caught.
Through classical conditioning leads you to be a feared stimuli. Positive re. Least rein.

Question 19

Ho to of positive reinforcement

Answer 19

Timing 
Bridges, whistles,clickers
l
l Specificity (but don't be too specific, think smoker saying will quit vs doing)
l Size of reward
Minimal that does trick
Jackpots
l
l
l Diversity of rewards
l Variability of schedule
l 
Ex. Rewards for Scott
l Smiles
l Hugs
l Kisses
l Head rubs
l Compliments
l Presents (bike gear)l Relief from task

Question 20

Will the reinforced behaviorcontinue into the future?

Answer 20

Continuous reinforcement creates fast
learning but is rare in the real world
l Partial reinforcement is more common, in that most behavior is reinforced onlyintermittently

Also it will not necessarily be maintained or transferred to other activities.

Question 21

Use of positive re with children

Answer 21

Parents. Especially
Punishment time. Contradictory. To skinner.
But specific to situations usually. Not generalized.
Based on reinforcement histories is our behaviour.

Question 22

Discuss actor partner imilarity in big five.

Answer 22

Advanced statistical procedures. How much form own. Partner and similarity of two in their traits. Look at variance in sample.
Due to actor. Partner or patterning.

Ppl select partner similar to them. Generally no evidence big five select partners. Based.
Other values though yes we do. Like in social PSYC.
Triats superficial in marriage decision. But impact it.

Question 23

Actor and partner are important for? But not similarity.

Answer 23

Both are present.
No benefit to being matched or loss from being mismatched.

4 are significant. Higher one is on neuroticism. More likely satisfaction will be lower. All others are positively associated in marriage satis. For either person
Koestner thinks this is the largest and best study. .

Question 24

Happy marriage and positive illusions, elaborate.

Answer 24

Terms used to describe partner. Happy marriages describe traits softer way
Shade more positive. And think things more special are unique and rarer.
Idealized view evolve different way. Less focus on negative traits. Hmm alternate view.m.

Low Conscientiousness:
Sloppy, careless, forgetful;
Carefree, relaxed, doesn’t fret the
small stuff

Cheap vs frugal or thrifty
Slow vs deliberate
Socially awkward versus 
eccentric;
Neurotic vs in touch with 
  his feelings;
l Positive illusions: 
“a mix of realistic knowledge 
about our partners and idealized perceptions of them.”
“do not ignore partner’s real  
liabilities.”
“consider partner’s positive 
qualities as more special, uniqueand rarer.”
l
l
l
Over time, positive effects on 
ourselves and our partner.

Question 25

Little more ideas on idealization, example movie used and the concepts effects?

Answer 25

More likely view traits of partner. Idealizing. Oh my like social PSYC but better explained.
Micheal Angelo effect. Over time lartneer likely increase in those qualities.
Video on idealization
As good as it gets.
Back it up. Greatest person in world. Idealized. Everything you do with meaning in positive way.
OCD guy.

Question 26

Can we change anotherperson’s personality with operant

conditioning?

Answer 26

Only around edges. But Koestner does not think it is the way to go.

Question 27

What can the training
of exotic animals teachus about operant
conditioning?

Answer 27

What traits important to mRital happiness. Idealization and traits except openness.