Week 4 Flashcards
Outcomes based on big five, in psychotherapy?
N negative outcome
Ec positive outcome
Big five in psycotherapy treatment, what outcomes are shown?
See SLIDE IN PHOTOS.
introvert more directive needed.
Openness. Means more imaginative and different things.
Agreeabless helps With the rela. Often come because they have been mistreated.
Conscientiousness. Leads to if they’d of he work. So
N intensity duration of distress
E nervy enthusiasm for therapy
Reaction to therapist interventionsa client Thera rela
C willingness to do homework of Thera.
The misery triad
Hi n, low e and c
Medication and personality
Listening to Prozac contention of inauthentic behaviour
Stigmas surrounding depression
About mental illness;
– About seeking help;
– About taking medication;
Subclinical levels of depression
25% of people have “everyday depression
Other no trait personality factors
Attachment style;
l Implicit motives;
l Unconscious conflicts;l
Life narrative;
Why did we watch Big Bang theory
Cuz operant condition used on Lenny with chocolates.
Amy Sutherland shamus article: what can you say?
Marine successful freelance writer. Scott husband has habits. Positive reinforcement to change habits. Dulled life by bad habits. Marital counseling no help communication was good.
California writing assi. College training wild animals. Operant conditioning. Positive reinforcement. Highest level of success. Marine animal.
What is the mcgill university of animal training.
Moor park.
The central idea of the animal American husband
Positive reinforcement. Response to behaviour isotherm reinforce or not.
Catch him being good.
Ignore misbehavior.
Criticism may reinforce negative behaviour.
Don’t reinforce will eventually extinguish@
Koestner not sure if it is true.
should reward
behavior liked and ignore behavior don’t like.
Shaping?
Rule of approximations
Get closer and closer and then big reinforcer. Continue closer. Small baby steps to new behaviour
Training incompatible behaviour
the trainer taught the birds something else, a behavior that would makethe undesirable behavior impossible.” Land on rug. Incompatible with head. Distraction with reinforcement. Sanding off rough edge. Persistsnt though. I wonder. Aware of it I wonder. If stopped.
What is the theory behind least reinforcing scenario (L. R. S.)
Least reinforcing scenario. No response any way.
Dogs really pick up eye contact. Koestner had one for nine months.
Total blank to dolphin. Not inadvertently be reinforcing behaviour. Any response fuels/reinforce behaviour.
Long term success with the American Husband?
But thinking of my
husband as an exotic species gave me the
distance I needed to consider our differencesmore objectively .”
Not everything is trainable is it?
Yup, Certain things animals cannot do.
Example. Raccoon. Choreograph coin. Raccoon gold coin under arm. Species specific. Ppl too. Some things are so entrenched.
The aftermath of human conditioning
Well after training Scott the American husband used the tactics on Amy, meaning the animal trained the trainer. Also we may observe that Amy might be a little high on neuroticism.
Scott was not surprised to learn about the experiemt. But Koestner thinks he’d feel betrayed if it were him.
Research with animals by Skinner
Positive R Receive food pellet l l Negative R Don’t receive electric shockl l Positive P Receive electric shock l l Negative P Taking away treats
What is Skinner’s advice
Use positive reinforcement;l Dangers of punishment? l Learn wrong linkage; l Elicits fear and avoidance. Don't understand. Just avoid being caught. Through classical conditioning leads you to be a feared stimuli. Positive re. Least rein.
Ho to of positive reinforcement
Timing Bridges, whistles,clickers l l Specificity (but don't be too specific, think smoker saying will quit vs doing) l Size of reward Minimal that does trick Jackpots l l l Diversity of rewards l Variability of schedule l Ex. Rewards for Scott l Smiles l Hugs l Kisses l Head rubs l Compliments l Presents (bike gear)l Relief from task
Will the reinforced behaviorcontinue into the future?
Continuous reinforcement creates fast
learning but is rare in the real world
l Partial reinforcement is more common, in that most behavior is reinforced onlyintermittently
Also it will not necessarily be maintained or transferred to other activities.
Use of positive re with children
Parents. Especially
Punishment time. Contradictory. To skinner.
But specific to situations usually. Not generalized.
Based on reinforcement histories is our behaviour.
Discuss actor partner imilarity in big five.
Advanced statistical procedures. How much form own. Partner and similarity of two in their traits. Look at variance in sample.
Due to actor. Partner or patterning.
Ppl select partner similar to them. Generally no evidence big five select partners. Based.
Other values though yes we do. Like in social PSYC.
Triats superficial in marriage decision. But impact it.
Actor and partner are important for? But not similarity.
Both are present.
No benefit to being matched or loss from being mismatched.
4 are significant. Higher one is on neuroticism. More likely satisfaction will be lower. All others are positively associated in marriage satis. For either person
Koestner thinks this is the largest and best study. .
Happy marriage and positive illusions, elaborate.
Terms used to describe partner. Happy marriages describe traits softer way
Shade more positive. And think things more special are unique and rarer.
Idealized view evolve different way. Less focus on negative traits. Hmm alternate view.m.
Low Conscientiousness:
Sloppy, careless, forgetful;
Carefree, relaxed, doesn’t fret the
small stuff
Cheap vs frugal or thrifty Slow vs deliberate Socially awkward versus eccentric; Neurotic vs in touch with his feelings; l Positive illusions: “a mix of realistic knowledge about our partners and idealized perceptions of them.” “do not ignore partner’s real liabilities.” “consider partner’s positive qualities as more special, uniqueand rarer.” l l l Over time, positive effects on ourselves and our partner.
Little more ideas on idealization, example movie used and the concepts effects?
More likely view traits of partner. Idealizing. Oh my like social PSYC but better explained.
Micheal Angelo effect. Over time lartneer likely increase in those qualities.
Video on idealization
As good as it gets.
Back it up. Greatest person in world. Idealized. Everything you do with meaning in positive way.
OCD guy.
Can we change anotherperson’s personality with operant
conditioning?
Only around edges. But Koestner does not think it is the way to go.
What can the training
of exotic animals teachus about operant
conditioning?
What traits important to mRital happiness. Idealization and traits except openness.
