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Intro to A&P > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

3 Types of muscle tissue

A
  1. Skeletal
  2. smooth
  3. cardiac
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2
Q

Skeletal Muscles

A

require nerve signals to work

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3
Q

How do muscles work?

A

-Contraction
-Myosin pulls on actin to shorten the muscle
-muscles contract using myofibrils

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4
Q

Important components for contraction

A
  1. calcium
  2. action potential
  3. energy (ATP)
  4. protein (actin/myosin)
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5
Q

Function of the skeletal/muscular system *

A

-movement
-protecting internal organs
-generates heat

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6
Q

Contraction

A

shortening

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7
Q

Layers of the muscle

A
  1. Epimysium
  2. Perimysium
  3. Endomysium
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8
Q

Epimysium

A

covers the muscle

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9
Q

Perimysium

A

contains fascicles

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10
Q

Fascicle

A

bundle of muscle fibers

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11
Q

Muscle fibers

A

-muscle cell
-is multinucleated

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12
Q

Endomysium

A

surrounds individual muscle fibers

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13
Q

Multinucleated

A

lots of nuclei to produces lots of protein

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14
Q

Sarcalemma

A

-plasma membrane
-carries AP

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15
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm

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16
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

A

-smooth endoplasmic reticulum
-stores calcium

17
Q

Myofibril

A

made of actin & myosin (proteins)

18
Q

Sacromere

A

functional unit of muscle fiber part that contracts

19
Q

Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)

A

where the nerve and muscle connect

20
Q

Neuromuscular Junction Process

A
  1. AP gets to axon terminal
  2. Voltage-gated calcium channels opens; calcium enters the axon terminal
  3. Ach released into synapse
  4. Ach binds to ligand-gated receptors on muscle fibers
  5. Ligand-gate opens; Na rushes into muscle fiber
  6. AP generated along the sarcolemma of muscle fiber
21
Q

Muscle Conraction

A
  1. AP carried along t-tubules of sarcolemma
  2. Calcium released from the SR into sarcoplasm
  3. calcium binds to actin at the troponin site
  4. troponin moves tropomyosin out of the way
  5. Myosin and actin connect (crossbridge)
22
Q

What do we need for a muscle contraction??

A
  1. AP from brain tells muscle to contract
  2. Muscle requires ATP
  3. Needs calcium to move tropomyosin out of the way
23
Q

Crossbridge

A

when myosin and actin connect

24
Q

Relaxation of muscle

A
  1. AP stops
  2. Calcium goes back to the SR where it is stored
  3. Actin/myosin cant attach because tropomyosin is in the way

Intro to A&P (14 decks)

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